Applied Ecology

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Last updated 5:46 PM on 6/27/26
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9 Terms

1
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What is integrated pest management (IMP)?

A pest management system

using suitable techniques to maintain the pest population levels below those causing economic harm

2
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What is a pest?

Anything we don’t want in our environment

In field crops, pests are weeds, pathogens, and herbivores.

<p>Anything we don’t want in our environment</p><p>In field crops, pests are weeds, pathogens, and herbivores.</p>
3
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Why should we use IMP( socio-economic part of definition)?

Money.

reduces impact on non-target species

reduces risk or resurgence,> can allow lesser competitors to resurge

reduce selection for pesticide-resistant pests

<p>Money.</p><p>reduces impact on non-target species</p><p>reduces risk or resurgence,&gt; can allow lesser competitors to resurge</p><p> reduce selection for pesticide-resistant pests</p><p></p>
4
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Describe economic injury in pest management

Damage = damage to the plant

injury = economic loss

Correlated, but not always 1 to 1

Economic injury calculated with yield, pest damage, and cost of treatment

Economic injury level- amount of damage that causes sufficient economic loss

<p>Damage = damage to the plant</p><p>injury = economic loss </p><p>Correlated, but not always 1 to 1</p><p>Economic injury calculated with yield, pest damage, and cost of treatment </p><p>Economic injury level- amount of damage that causes sufficient economic loss </p>
5
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What is the action threshold

pest population at which treatment must begin to avoid economic injury

Calculated with pest population dynamics and pest life history

After finding the action threshold, you monitor pest populations.

AT is usually given as insects/sample> 12 flies per 25 sweeps

<p>pest population at which treatment must begin to avoid economic injury </p><p>Calculated with pest population dynamics and pest life history </p><p>After finding the action threshold, you monitor pest populations.</p><p>AT is usually given as insects/sample&gt; 12 flies per 25 sweeps</p>
6
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What are the techniques for pest management

Mechanical- trapping, weeding, roguing-removing infected plants

biological

cultural

chemical

chemical and biological control are usually not compatible with other techniques

<p>Mechanical- trapping, weeding, roguing-removing infected plants</p><p>biological</p><p>cultural</p><p>chemical</p><p>chemical and biological control are usually not compatible with other techniques</p>
7
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Describe biological control of pests

Exploits predators/pathogens to control pests

3 types: classical, augmentation, and conservation biological control

Classical, using an invasive pest to attack the pest

Augmentation- release of natural predators(predators, parasites, pathogens) to attack the pest

Conservation biological control- building a refuge for the pest, usually outside of the system

<p>Exploits predators/pathogens to control pests</p><p>3 types: classical, augmentation, and conservation biological control</p><p>Classical, using an invasive pest to attack the pest</p><p>Augmentation- release of natural predators(predators, parasites, pathogens) to attack the pest</p><p>Conservation biological control- building a refuge for the pest, usually outside of the system</p>
8
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Describe (argi)cultural control

Control of pests via farming practices:

Crop rotations- pests that feed on one crop don’t always feed on others. Pests that move back in will not have anything to feed on. Also increases soil health

cover crops- plant some plants to cover the ground

trap crops-planting plants that are attractive to the pests

plating date- plant early to avoid late season pests. plant late to avoid early-season pests.

plant variety- vertical resistance - pathogen resistance

and horizontal resistance

proper fertilization and irrigation

removing refugia.

9
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