CSP

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28 Terms

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Computing Innovation

A new or improved creation that uses computing to solve problems or improve efficiency, communication, or access.

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Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

Data that can be used to identify, locate, or contact an individual, such as name, address, or Social Security number.

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Metadata

Data that provides information about other data, such as time created, author, file size, or location.

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Digital Divide

The gap between individuals or communities with access to modern computing technology and those without.

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Computing Device

Any electronic device that can run programs and perform calculations, such as a smartphone, tablet, or computer.

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Computing System

A group of computing devices and programs that work together to complete tasks or process data.

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Computer Network

A group of interconnected computing devices that can share data and resources.

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Redundancy

The duplication of critical components or functions in a system to increase reliability and prevent failure.

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Fault-Tolerant

A system designed to continue operating properly even if some of its components fail.

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Protocol

A set of rules that determine how data is transmitted and received over a network.

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Bandwidth

The maximum rate at which data can be transferred over a network in a given amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

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Routing

The process of selecting a path for traffic in a network to send data from source to destination.

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Path

The specific route or sequence of connections data follows through a network.

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Data Streams

Continuous flows of data sent over a network or between systems.

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Packets

Small units of data transmitted over a network; each packet contains part of the overall message and routing information.

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World Wide Web

A system of interlinked hypertext documents and resources accessible via the internet.

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HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

A protocol used for transferring web pages and other resources on the World Wide Web.

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Sequential Computing

A computing model where operations are performed one after another in a single sequence.

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Distributed Computing

A computing model where tasks are divided across multiple computers that work together.

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Parallel Computing

A computing model in which many calculations or processes are carried out simultaneously.

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Speedup of a Parallel Solution

A measure of how much faster a task runs using parallel computing compared to sequential computing.

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Public Key Encryption

A type of encryption that uses a pair of keys: one public (to encrypt data) and one private (to decrypt it).

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Multifactor Authentication

A security system that requires more than one method of authentication, such as a password and a fingerprint.

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Malware

Any software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a computer or network.

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Computer Virus

A type of malware that replicates by inserting copies of itself into other programs or files.

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Phishing

A type of cyberattack where an attacker pretends to be a trustworthy source to trick someone into revealing personal information.

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Keylogging

The practice of recording the keys struck on a keyboard, often secretly, to capture sensitive information.

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Rogue Access Point

An unauthorized wireless access point installed in a network, often used to capture data or bypass security.