Forelimb Muscle Actions

Cutaneous Trunci

Twitch the skin

Panniculus Reflex

Superficial Pectoral

Adduct Limb

Flex/Extend Shoulder Contribution

Deep Pectoral

Adduct Limb

Flex/Extend Shoulder Contribution

Brachiocephalicus

Protract Limb

Shoulder Extension

Laterally Flex Neck

Omotransversarius

Protract limb

Trapezius

Elevate and Adduct limb

Latissimus Dorsi

Retract limb

Shoulder Extension

Draws trunk forward in weight beading

Rhomboideus

Elevate limb

Serratus Ventralis

Support limb on trunk

Protracts or retracts scapular at gait phases

Deltoideus

Flex humeral joint

Triceps

Extend Humeral Joint

Supraspinatus

Shoulder Extension and Stabilization

Infraspinatus and Teres Minor

Shoulder flexion and stabilization

Brachialis

Flex cubital joint

Subscapularis

Addiction, Extension and Stabilization of Humeral Joint

Teres Major

Flex shoulder

Biceps Brachii

Flex cubical joint

Extends humeral joint

Brachioradialis (cats)

Supination

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris and Radialis

Carpal Extension

Common and Lateral Digital Extensors

Carpal and Digital Extension

Supinator

Supination

Pronator Teres

Pronation

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Radialis

Carpal Flexion

Superficial and Deef Digital Flexors

Carpal and Digital Flexion