Chapter 28 KW

Art for Art's Sake

The idea that the painter’s first loyalty is to the canvas, not the outside world or the patron.

Art Nouveau

An aesthetic movement that aimed to create designs based on natural forms, intended for mass production.

Arts and Craft Movement

A movement dedicated to creating functional objects of high aesthetic value for the public.

Avant-Garde

Refers to new or cutting-edge cultural manifestations, especially artists ahead of their time.

Class Struggle

The concept discussed by Marx and Engels in the Communist Manifesto about the working class overthrowing capitalism.

Darwinism

The theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest.

Form Follows Function

The principle that a building's design should be determined by its purpose, famously stated by Louis Henry Sullivan.

Pointillism

An art technique developed by Georges Seurat, involving the use of small dots of color to create images.

Impressionism

A painting style focused on capturing a moment using short strokes of unmixed primary colors.

Japonisme

The influence of Japanese aesthetics on Western art, especially in terms of flat colors and space.

Local Color

The actual color of an object, as opposed to how it might appear under varying light conditions.

Modernism

An artistic approach aiming to capture contemporary images and subjectivity, reflecting critically on art premises.

Paul Cezanne

An artist who transformed Impressionism into more solid forms.

Paul Gauguin

An artist who emphasized color, line, and design in flat shapes.

Plein-air painting

Painting done outdoors, capturing the light and atmosphere of a scene.

Post-Impressionism

A movement where artists extended Impressionism techniques into new realms, including artists such as van Gogh and Cezanne.

Rodin

A sculptor who redefined sculpture by emphasizing the unfinished and light effects.

Salon de Refuses

An exhibition space established by Napoleon III for works rejected by the French Academy.

Skyscraper

High-rise buildings that emerged from advancements in steel construction and elevator technology.

Symbolism

An artistic movement characterized by exaggerated visual features, aiming for the esoteric and mysterious.

Vincent van Gogh

An artist known for using techniques to express feeling, associated with Expressionism.