Cell, parts and their function, theory, and surface area

cells

Who was Robert Hook?

An English scientist known for his work in microscopy and cell theory, Robert Hooke coined the term "cell" after observing cork under a microscope in 1665.

Who was Aton van Leeunheok?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is known for his discoveries of single-celled organisms the 17th century.

Who are schleiden and swann

Schleiden and Schwann proposed the cell theory in the 19th century, stating that all living organisms are composed of cells.

What are the 3 components of cell theory?

1) All living organisms are composed of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of life, and 3) Cells come from pre-existing cells.

Describe pasteurs experiment and how he chsallened the notion of spontaneous generation

Louis Pasteur conducted experiments using swan-neck flasks to show that microorganisms in the air, not spontaneous generation, caused contamination. His findings demonstrated that sterilized broth remained free of microbial life unless exposed to air, challenging the idea that life could arise from non-living matter.

what are the 2 types of cells and their major differences?

The two types of cells are prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are simpler, lack a nucleus, , while eukaryotic cells are more complex, contain a nucleus, and have membrane-bound organelles.

What is the order of which organisms are?

Organized into cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms

List 4 key differences between prokaryoti and eukaryotic cells

1) Prokaryotic cells contain a nuckeus while eukaryotic cells don’t

2) Prokaryotic cells don’t have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do. 3) Prokaryotic cells don’t have a golgi apparatus or mitochondrion while eukaryotic cells do

4) Prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually, while eukaryotic cells can reproduce sexually or asexually.

Which is better: larger cells or smaller cells and why?

Smaller cells are generally better because they have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing for more efficient nutrient uptake and waste removal compared to larger cells.

Name 5 parts of a bacteria cell?

1. Cell membrane 2) Cytoplasm 3) Ribosomes 4) DNA 5) Cell wall

3 parts of a plant cell that aren’t in animal cell and their function

1. Chloroplasts - responsible for photosynthesis.

2. Cell wall - provides structure and protection.

3. Central vacuole - stores nutrients and maintains turgor pressure.

2 parts of an animal cell that aren’t in plant cells

Lysosomes - Contains digestive enxymes that break down waste.

Centrioles - assist in cell division by organizing microtubules during mitosis and meiosis. organizing

Mitochondrion function

Generates most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions

Nucleus

Controls cellular activity and contains genetic information/DNA.

Golgi body

Processes and packages proteins and lipids for secretion to other cell components.

Vacuole in both animal and plant cells

Stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Ribosomes

Synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.

cyptoplasm

The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that supports and suspends organelles and cellular molecules