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IUPAC Naming Conventions
-IUPAC
-Parent chain
-Substituents
-Heteroatoms
Hydrocarbons and Alcohols
-Alkanes
-Alkenes + alkynes
-Alcohols
-Diols (geminal or vicinal) (hydrates)
Aldehydes and Ketones
-Alpha carbon
-Chain-terminating
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
-Derivatives
-Esters
-Alkoxy group
-Amides
-Anhydrides
Summary of Functional Groups
Structural (Constitutional) Isomers
-Chiral centers
Stereoisomers: Conformational Isomers
-Conformational isomers
-Newman projection
-Staggered conformations (p. 129)
-Anti-staggered conformations
-Gauche staggered molecules
-Eclipsed/totally eclipsed conformations
-Angle strain
-Torsional strain
-Nonbonded strain (van der Waals repulsion)
-Axial/equatorial
Configurational isomers
-Enantiomers
-Diastereomers
-Optical activity
-Racemic mixtures
-Meso compounds
-Cis-trans (geometric) isomers
-D and L notation (p. 139)
Relative and Absolute Configuration
-Relative configuration
-Absolute conformation
-Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules
-Z and E notation (p. 145)
-R and S notation (p. 146)
-Fischer diagrams