MED330 Chapter 3

joints

Areas where two or more bones join together, Movement

Calcium

Nerve and muscle function, stored in bones

Ossification

bone formation

Osteoclasts

Break down bone

Osteoblasts

bone forming cells

Periosteum

fibrous outer covering of bones

cortical bone

compact bone

cancellous bone

spongy bones

compact bone

dense, hard, protective

spongy bone

porous

endosteum

lines the medullary cavity

medullary cavity

cavity within shaft with bone marrow

long spongy bones

femur and humerous

short bones

wrist and ankle

red bone marrow

form blood cells and thrombocytes

yellow bone marrow

fat storage

process

projection of bone, attachment of muscle/tendon

synovial joints

freely movable joints

2 types of synovial joints

ball and socket, hinge

2 types of Skeleton

Axial and appendicular

axial

head, neck, trunk

how many bones are in the axial skeleton?

80

appendicular skeleton

shoulder, pelvis, upper and lower extremeties

chiropractor

help with problems from misalignment of spine

Osteopath

physician who specializes in osteopathy

Rheumatologist

physician who specializes in the study and treatment of rheumatic diseases

Rheumatic

Relates to aches of muscles, joints, bones

Adhesive capsulitis

frozen/stiff shoulder

Bakers cyst

fluid-filled sac behind the knee

bursitis

Inflammation of bursa

Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)

inflammatory disorder of muscles and joints

Sprain

injury to ligament

Subluxation

partial dislocation

Arthritis

inflammation of joints

osteoarthritis

inflammation of bones and joints

gout

deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints

rheumatoid arthritis

inflammation of the joints, resembles rheumatic fever

ankylosing spondylitis

a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

stiffness, joint swelling, slow growth

Psoriatic arthritis

An inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis of the skin

Psoriasis

red lesions covered with silvery scales

herniated disk

rupture of intervertebral disk cartilage

spinal stenosis

narrowing of spine canal

lumbago

lower back pain

spondyolisthesis

forward slipping of one vertebra over another

spina bifida

failure of one or more vertebral arches to close during fetal development

kyphosis

hunchback

lordosis

forward curvature of lumbar spine

scoliosis

lateral curvature of spine

11 types of fractures

closed

open

comminuted

incomplete

greenstick

buckle

oblique

pathologic

spiral

stress

transverse

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

OP

osteoporosis

THR

total hip replacement