buddhism + hinduism vocab

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19 Terms

1
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axis-mundi

the “axis of the world” or “cosmic axis” marks sacred sites and denotes a link between Heaven and Earth.

<p>the “axis of the world” or “cosmic axis” marks sacred sites and denotes a link between Heaven and Earth.</p>
2
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Bhakti movement

devotional movement based on ideas expressed in ancient texts, especially the Bhagavad Gita. Revolves around the ideal relationship between

humans/gods. Gods create the illusion we are trapped in and can also present the truth. Stresses a personal relationship with god and complete devotion and surrender to god; produced very humanistic works as a byproduct

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Bodhisattva

a deity who refrains from entering nirvana to help others; often portrayed on the sides of Buddha

<p>a deity who refrains from entering nirvana to help others; often portrayed on the sides of Buddha</p>
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Buddha

a fully enlightened being. There are many Buddhas, the most famous of whom is Shakyamuni, aka Siddhartha Gautama

<p>a fully enlightened being. There are many Buddhas, the most famous of whom is Shakyamuni, aka Siddhartha Gautama</p>
5
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Chaitya

a rock-cut shrine in basilican form with a stupa at the endpoint

<p>a rock-cut shrine in basilican form with a stupa at the endpoint</p>
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corbel arch

a vault formed by layers of stone that gradually grown closer together as they rise and eventually meet in a triangular shape.

<p>a vault formed by layers of stone that gradually grown closer together as they rise and eventually meet in a triangular shape.</p>
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horror vacui

fear of empty space; filling of the entire surface of a space or an artwork with detail

<p>fear of empty space; filling of the entire surface of a space or an artwork with detail</p>
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mandala

a geometric figure or architectural space representing the universe in Hindu and Buddhist symbolism

<p>a geometric figure or architectural space representing the universe in Hindu and Buddhist symbolism</p>
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Mudra

a symbolic hand gesture in Hindu and Buddhist art

<p>a symbolic hand gesture in Hindu and Buddhist art</p>
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Nirvana

an afterlife in which reincarnation ends and the soul becomes one with the supreme spirit

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Samsara

Sanskrit meaning “round” or “cycle.” Refers to the endless cycle of rebirth and death- there is no beginning and no end. Governed by karma (causality)

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Shakyamuni Buddha

The historical Buddha; aka Siddhartha Gautama

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Shiva

the Hindu god of creation and destruction

<p>the Hindu god of creation and destruction</p>
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Torana

a gateway near a stupa that has two upright posts and three horizontal lintels

<p>a gateway near a stupa that has two upright posts and three horizontal lintels</p>
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Urna

a circle or dot between the brows of a deity, sometimes represented as a focal point

<p>a circle or dot between the brows of a deity, sometimes represented as a focal point</p>
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Ushnisha

a protrusion at the top of the head, or the top knot of a Buddha

<p>a protrusion at the top of the head, or the top knot of a Buddha</p>
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Vairocana Buddha

the celestial, universal, or spiritual Buddha.

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Vishnu

the Hindu god of protection

<p>the Hindu god of protection</p>
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Yaksha/Yakshi

male and female figures of fertility in Buddhist and Hindu art

<p>male and female figures of fertility in Buddhist and Hindu art</p>