APCSP Unit 2 Vocab

Applications

includes word processors, photo editing software, web browsers, games, music programs, and almost

everything else on the computer excluding saved files and the operating system

ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Binary – base

two, numeral system that uses zero and one

Bit – each numeral in the binary system, zero or one

Byte – eight bits

Decimal – base

ten, numeral system that uses zero to nine

Digit – each number in the decimal system, zero to nine

Hexadecimal – base 16, number system that uses 0

9 and a–f

Computationally hard – a problem that takes too long even for a computer to find the exact solution

Heuristic approach – an approach that gives results that are “good enough” when an exact answer is not necessary

Lossless – data compression that does not lose data during compression

Lossy – data compression that loses data during compression

Bit Rate – the number of bits that can be processed per second

Sample Rate – how often an analog signal is used when converting to digital, usually measured in bits per second

Metadata – additional data about the main data, usually at the beginning of a file

Pixelation – when individual pixels are too large and the image begins to look blocky

CMYK – color model used for printing. Stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (key), where the number associated

with each letter is the percentage of each color used

RGB – color model used for most monitors or screens. Stands for red, green, and blue, referring to the color of light