CNBY final

What is the main function of the endocrine pancreas?

Insulin production (beta cells) and regulation of blood glucose levels

This subtype of leukemia is almost exclusively found in children:

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

List 2 risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma not including age.

Obesity and smoking

Explain why liquid biopsies are used being developed for cancer patients? What is the goal and what are they trying to detect/assess?

Less invasive and is used to track and detect the shed CTC’s and ctDNA in blood in order to treat. Recommended that if they come back negative you do normal biopsy. Goal is to make liquid biopsies as accurate as normal biopsies.

Medulloblastoma tumors are typically found in what area of the brain?

Cerebellum

What tumor marker which can be measured in the blood can sometimes be used to indicate the presence of pancreatic cancer? Not 100% but sometimes useful.

CA-19

Astrocytoma tumors are typically found in what area of the brain?

Cerebrum

Tomasetti and Vogelstein published that most cancers are a result of?

Random errors

What is a surgical procedure used in treating pancreatic cancer that was described in class?

Whipple

What is the difference between intratumor heterogeneity and intertumor heterogeneity?

Inter: between samples of 2 diff patients

Intra: between samples from same patient

What is the main function of the exocrine pancreas?

Produces enzymes necessary for digestion of food

What is the most commonly mutated oncogene in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?

KRAS

What is the function of the liver?

Breaks down alcohol, drugs and toxic wastes in the blood which then pass from the body through urine and stool

What are the three phases of pediatric leukemia treatment?

Induction, consolidation, maintenance

Symptoms of pediatric leukemia.

Random bleeding, paleness, petechia

Which virus listed below is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma?

HCV

List 2 risk factors for pancreatic cancer

Drinking, smoking, inherited mutations/germline mutations