java unit 1 167

abstract class

a class that cannot instantiate/ create objects + designed to serve as template for other classes

abstract method

a method with no body

aggregation

has a relationship

abstraction

separating implementation from use

accessor/getter

a method that accesses fields to get value but does not modify a class field.

actual parameter

value passed through parameter when called

arraylist

resizable array allowing for storage of a list of objects

array

ordered list of items of the same data type

binary search

Search a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.

block

section of code enclosed in curly braces

byte code

output for javac compiler (.class)

catch block

handles exceptions

checked exceptions

exceptions checked at compile time

class

blueprint for building methods

class contract

public methods and the constants of that class

concrete class

a class that can be instantiated directly

constructor

method used to create new object using keyword new

constructor chaining

calling on constructor from another constructor

deep copy

stores copy of objects value

equals

compares strings returns in they are equal

encapsulation

information hiding

exception

event interrupting the natural flow of a program

event driven programming

flow of the program determined by events

explicit casting

converting a larger data type to a smaller data type

finally clause

block of code used with try catch to make sure code is executed regardless of exceptions

for loop

loop with predetermined beginning end and increment

garbage collection

nvm reclaims memory no longer used

immutable

object whose state cannot be changed after its created

implicit casting

converting smaller data type to larger data type

inheritance

class inheriting behaviors and properties from another class uses keyword extends

overloading

multiple methods with the same names and different signatures

overriding

multiple methods with the same name and signatures

object

grouping of data(variables) that can be performed on data(methods)

null

default value assigned to reference type properties

no-arg

no arguments

package

a grouping of related types, classes, interfaces and subpackages

static

indicates a variable is allocated in memory only once during a programs execution

static field/ variable (class variable)

a field of the class instead of a field of each class object

doc comments

between /** and */

member access operator

“.”

access modfiers

public, protected, default,private

public

member is accessible from every class

protected

wishing package and subclasses

default

only in package

private

only in class

return statement

sends a value back from a method

no answer

void return type

test bench

separate program whose sole purpose is to check that a method returns correct output values for variety if input values

pass by reference

where formal parameter acts as alias for actual parameter

pass by value

invokes a method with parameters,value of argument is passed to the parameter

polymorphism

refers to determining which program behavior to execute depending on data types

polymorphism 2

using subtypes/subclasses in contexts where a related superclass is expected

4 pillars of oop

polymorphism,

abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance

no arg

no arguments

argument

input value to a method appears between parentheses and is known as a,….

action event

object notifying the program of the occurrence of a component related event such as a user pressing a button

action window toolkit

set of application program interfaces ( API s) used by Java programmers to create graphical user interface ( GUI ) objects, such as buttons, scroll bars, and windows

borderpane

divides layout area into five distinct regions: top, bottom, left, right, and center.

broadcast receiver

component that Responds to system-wide broadcast announcements.

button

JavaFX GUI component that represents a labeled button that a user can press to interact with a program.

color

an object represents a color in the red, green, blue color space..

command line arguments

are values entered by a user when running a program from a command line.

event handler

object that defines how a program should respond to specific events, such as an ActionEvent.

grid pane

A layout container in JavaFX that organizes nodes in a flexible grid of rows and columns.

HBOX

A layout container in JavaFX that arranges nodes in a single horizontal row.

VBOX

runtime heap

where objects created with key word new are stores, long term storage + slower

runtime stack

the memory structure that stores method calls and local variables, functioning in a last-in, first-out manner. fast + short term memory stores references

interface

class user need only use a class' public member methods, and need not directly access internal variables of the class.

javafx

is a set of packages and APIs for developing programs with graphical user interfaces, 3D graphics, etc.

try block

surrounds a section of code that may throw an exception

uml

Unified Modeling Language illustration of class templates and objects

method signature

name of method and description of its parameter

setter/muttator

method may modify ("mutate") the class' fields.

wrapper

Built-in classes there to augment (enhance) primitive type wrapper class wrapper objects and Strings are immutable

equality operator

==

primitive types

Basic data types in Java such as int, char, and boolean. These types represent simple values and are not objects.

.java(source file)

contains human readable code defining java structure then integrated into ide.

new keyword

used to create new instances of a class

auto boxing

converting primitive type to wrapper type

unboxing

converting wrapper to primitive type

abstract data type

data type whose creation and update are strained to specific well defined operations. a class can be used to implement adt.

shallow copy

copy of the reference variable value

dynamic binding

Occurs at runtime and is used to locate the most recently defined implementation of an overridden method

animationTimer

A timer used in graphical applications to control animation frame updates, allowing for smooth and consistent rendering.

Application

java program that uses javafx library to create gui w/ elements like buttons, labels, and scene

element

each item in a array

index

element location

enhanced for loop aka for each loop

for loop that iterates through each element in the array

method call

invocation of methods names causing method statement to execute

method definition

methods name and block of statements

void keyword

indicates a method that does not return a value.

void method

method with a void return type is often called a void method

modular development

process of dividing a program into separate modules that can be developed and tested separately and then integrated into a single program

incremental development

process of which a programmer writes, complies, and tests a small amount of code, then writes,compiles,and tests a small amount more (an incremental amount)

method stub

a method stub is a method definition whose statements have not yet written

unit testing

individually testing small parts of a unit or program usually method

test vector

unique set of input values

scope

the name of defined variable or method item is only visible to part of a program

field

variable declared within a class but outside any method is called a class member variable or field