Biology - Osmosis and DIffusion

means there is a GREATER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside

HYPERTONIC

means there is a LOWER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside.

HYPOTONIC

means there is the SAME concentration of solute molecules outside the cell as inside. 

ISOTONIC

The pressure inside a plant cell caused by water pushing against the cell wall is called ___ pressure

TURGOR

The SWELLING and BURSTING of animal cells when water enters is called ___

CYTOLYSIS

The SWELLING and BURSTING of animal cells when water enters happens when the cell is placed in a ___ solution

HYPOTONIC

Placing plants in HYPOTONIC solution causes the osmotic pressure to ___

increase

The SHRINKING of plant cells when water leaves so the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall is called ___

PLASMOLYSIS

It happens when a plant cell is placed into ___ solutions

HYPERTONIC

When water leaves a plant cell, teh osmotic pressure will ___

decrease

The shrinking of ANIMAL cells that are placed in a HYPERTONIC solution is called ___

PLASMOLYSIS

Cells stay the same size when placed in an ___ solution because the amount of water leaving the cell is the same and theamount of water entering

ISOTONIC

The substance that dissolves to make the solution is called ___

solute 

During diffusion molecules tend to move

down the concentration gradient

When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a system, the system has reached

equilibrium

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrance is called

osmosis

Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, and exocytosis are all kinds of ___ transport

ACTIVE

Glucose enters cells most rapidly by ___

facilitated diffusion

Energy for active transport comes from a cell’s ___

mitochondria

___  transport requires energy from ATP to move substances across membranes

ACTIVE

A cell must expend energy to transport substances using ___

endocytosis

White blood cells engulf, digest, adn destroy invading bacteria using ___

phagocytosis

All of the following are kinds of passive transport 

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

osmosis

ion channels

Give an example of active transport

phagocytosis

Endocytosis that brings in small dissolved molecules(solutes) and fluids is called___ 

pinocytosis

Golgi bodies use ___ to transport molecules out of cells

exocytosis

The pressure exerted by water moving during osmosis is called ___ pressure

osmotic

Placing an animal cell in a hypotonic solution will cause water to 

move into the cell

When molecules move DOWN the concentration gradient it means they are moving from ___

an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Active transport requres ___ to move molecules across membranes

ENERGY

ATP

is the molecule that provides the energy for active transport

Golgi Bodies use ___ to release molecules outside the cell

EXOCYTOSIS

___ moves oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration across membranes

DIFFUSION

The cell organelles that burns glucose and provides ATP for active transport are the___

MITOCHONDRIA

Water moves across cell membranes___

OSMOSIS

A small membrane sac used to transport substances during exocytosis and endocytosis

VESICLE

Kind of endocytosis that makes in small disolved molecules (solutes) or fluids

PINOCYTOSIS

___transport does not require energy

PASSIVE

Druing ___ diffusion carrier protiens grab glucose molecules, change chape, and flip to the otherside of the membrane, like arevolving door.

FACILITATED

A ___ protein is an integral membrane protien that helps move moleucles across a cell_membrane

ISOTONIC

A solution in which there is a HIGHER concentration of molecules outside the cell than inside 

HYPERTONIC

A CONCENTRATION ___ forms whenever there is a difference in concentration between one place and another.

GRADIENT

Pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and Na+-K+ pumps are all kinds of ___ transport becuase they use energy to move substances across membranes

ACTIVE

A solution in which the concentration of molecules outside the cell is LOWER than inside

HYPOTONIC

A ___-___ ___ uses ATP to move three Na+ ions out of a cell while it moves two K+ ions in

Pinocytosis and phagocytosis are both kinds of ___

When molecules move from high to low along a concentration gradient we say they are moving ___ the gradient

DOWN

___ pressure is caused by water inside a plant cell pushing agianst teh cell wall

TURGOR

The shrinkinng of a plant cell membrane away from the cell wall when placed in a hypertonic solution is called ___

PLASMOLYSIS

White blood cells use ___ to engulf and destroy bacteria that the glycoprotiens recognize as “not self”

PHAGOCYTOSIS

The swelling and bursting of animal cells when placed in a hypotonic solution is called ___

CYTOLYSIS

Ca++, H+, Na+, and K+ move across membranes by going through passageways called

ION CHANNELS