PNB 2264 Practical 1
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146 Terms
epidermis
The epithelium covering the surface of the skin
dermis
The connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis of the skin.
subcutaneous tissue
the layer of loose connective tissue below the dermis; also called hypodermis or superficial fascia
dermal papillae
small, conical projections of the dermis into the epidermis. they can be observed at the surface of the skin in the hands and feet as papillary ridges (known as fingerprints)
sweat gland
have coiled, tubular secretory portion located in the reticular layer of the dermis. produce a watery solution that performs thermoregulation, secretion, and protection.
sebaceous gland
glands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair follicles
pacinian corpuscle
pressure receptors in the skin and various internal organs.
tactile corpuscle
large, encapsulated oval receptors for fine touch and texture within the dermal papillae of the skin
free nerve endings
least complex of the tactile receptors and are in the papillary layer of the dermis. detect pain and temperature stimuli
hair follicle
accessory structure of the integument; tube lined by stratified squamous epithelium that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the hair papilla
arrestor pili
smooth muscle whose contractions force hairs to stand erect
areolar connective tissue
adipose tissue
smooth muscle
skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
The two basic tissues that compose the skin are:
dense irregular connective tissue; stratified squamous epithelium
what characteristics relating to location or gland structure allow you to differentiate sebaceous and sweat glands?
sweat glands release their secretions directly to the surface of the skin whereas sebaceous glands release their secretions into the hair follicle
Which part would you adjust in order to examine a specimen under light microscope with two eyes at the same time?
ocular lenses to adjust the inter pupillary distance
What are general features of all connective tissues?
protein fibers in an extracellular matrix; ground substance in an extracellular matrix; specialized cells
What is the blue bone?
Frontal
What is the green bone?
parietal
What is the red bone?
temporal
What is the yellow bone?
sphenoid
What is the orange bone?
occipital
What is the purple bone?
ethmoid
What is the brown bone?
zygomatic
What is the purple bone?
ethmoid
What is the yellow bone?
Sphenoid
What does this represent?
mastoid process
What does this represent?
occipital condyles
What does this represent?
mandibular fossa
What does this represent?
zygomatic process
What does this hole represent?
external auditory meatus
What does the green structure correspond to?
lesser wing of sphenoid
What does the pink structure correspond to?
greater wing of sphenoid
What structure does arrow 1 correspond with?
crista galli
What structure does arrow 2 correspond with?
cribriform plate
What does the purple structure correspond to?
Maxillae
What does the dark green structure correspond to?
Nasal
What does the dark blue structure correspond to?
mandible
What does this structure correspond with?
coronal suture
What does this structure correspond with?
lambdoidal suture
What does this structure correspond with?
squamous suture
What does this structure correspond with?
sagittal suture
What does this structure correspond with?
formen magnum
What does this structure correspond with?
jugular foramen
What does this structure correspond with?
carotid canal
What does this structure (1) correspond with?
superior orbital fissure
What does the red structure correspond with?
cervical vertebrae
What does the purple structure correspond with?
thoracic vertebrae
What does the yellow structure correspond with?
lumbar vertebrae
What does the green structure correspond with?
sacrum
What does the pink structure correspond with?
coccyx
What does the green structure correspond with?
manubrium of sternum
What does the blue structure correspond with?
body of sternum
What does the purple structure correspond with?
xiphoid process of sternum
What does this structure correspond with?
temporalis; closes jaw (elevates mandible)
What does this structure correspond with?
masseter; closes jaw (elevates and retracts mandible)
What does this structure correspond with?
digastricus; open mouth (lowers mandible), elevates and holds hyoid
What does this structure correspond with?
sternocleidomastoid; rotates/tilts head sideways
What does this structure correspond with?
medial pterygoid; closes jaw
What does this structure correspond with?
lateral pterygoid; opens jaw
What does this structure correspond with?
trapezius; elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula
What does this structure correspond with?
latissimus dorsi; adducts and extends shoulder, rotates shoulder, draws shoulder down and backward
What does this structure correspond with?
pectoralis major; flexion, abduction, medial rotation of shoulder
What does this structure correspond with?
clavicle
What does this structure correspond with?
scapula
What type of tissue is this?
hyaline cartilage
What does this structure correspond with?
spine of scapula
What does this structure correspond with?
acromion of scapula
What does this structure correspond with?
coracoid process of scapula
What does this structure correspond with?
glenoid cavity of scapula`
What does this structure correspond with?
humerus
What does this structure correspond with?
trochlea of humerus
What does this structure correspond with?
capitulum of humerus
What does this structure correspond with?
olecranon fossa of humerus
What does this structure correspond with?
radius
What does this structure correspond with?
radial tuberosity
What does this structure correspond with?
styloid process
What does this structure correspond with?
ulna
What does this structure correspond with?
trochlear notch
What does this structure correspond with?
olecranon process
What does this structure correspond with?
styloid process
What does the green structure correspond with?
carpus
What does the blue structure correspond with?
metacarpus
What does the red structure correspond with?
phalanges
What does this structure correspond with?
deltoid; abducts shoulder; posterior deltoid- extension of shoulder; anterior deltoid- flexes shoulder
What does this structure correspond with?
infraspinatus; lateral rotation of shoulder, horizontal adduction of shoulder
What does this structure correspond with?
supraspinatus; abduction of shoulder, stabilizes joint
What does this structure correspond with?
subscapularis; medial (internal) rotation of humerus, stabilizes joint
What does this structure correspond with?
teres minor; lateral (external) rotation of humerus
What does this structure correspond with?
biceps brachii; flexes elbow, supination of forearm
What does this structure correspond with?
brachial; flexes elbow
What does this structure correspond with?
triceps brachii; extends elbow and shoulder
What does this structure correspond with?
flexor carpi ulnaris; flexes wrist, acts with Extensor carpi ulnaris to adduct wrist
What does this structure correspond with?
flexor carpi radialis; flexes and abducts wrist
What does this structure correspond with?
extensor carpi ulnaris; extends and adducts wrist, acts with flexor carpi ulnaris to adduct wrist
What does this structure correspond with?
extensor carpi radialis (longus & brevis); extends and abducts wrist, acts with Flexor carpi radialis to abduct wrist
What does this structure correspond with?
brachioradialis; flexes elbow