Emotion and Motivation Flashcards

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 2 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/49

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Emotion and Motivation lecture.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

50 Terms

1
New cards

Affect

The experience of feeling or emotion.

2
New cards

Arousal

Our experience of the bodily responses created by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

3
New cards

Emotion

A mental state that is situation-specific, valenced, and conscious.

4
New cards

Motivation

A driving force that initiates goal-directed behavior.

5
New cards

Display rules

Determine when, where, with whom, and how emotions should be expressed or suppressed.

6
New cards

Hypothalamus

Plays a role in the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

7
New cards

Thalamus

Serves as a sensory relay center.

8
New cards

Amygdala

Plays a role in processing emotional information and sending that information on to cortical structures.

9
New cards

Hippocampus

Integrates emotional experience with cognition.

10
New cards

Cannon-Bard theory

Proposes that emotions and arousal occur at the same time.

11
New cards

James-Lange theory

Proposes that emotion is the result of arousal; arousal causes emotion.

12
New cards

Two-factor theory

Proposes that arousal and cognition combine to create emotion; interpretation of arousal determines what emotion we're able to experience.

13
New cards

Misattribution of arousal

The tendency to incorrectly label the source of the physiological arousal one is experiencing.

14
New cards

Excitation transfer

People already experiencing arousal from one event tend also to experience unrelated emotions more strongly.

15
New cards

Emotion regulation

The ability of an individual to modulate an emotion or a set of emotions.

16
New cards

Stress

The physiological response to internal or external stressors (Not all stressors are negative events).

17
New cards

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)

Repeatedly thinking about a traumatic experience, being hypervigilant, avoiding reminders; symptoms last no longer than four weeks.

18
New cards

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Similar symptoms to ASD lasting four weeks or more.

19
New cards

HPA axis

System of connections between the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the adrenal glands that plays an important role in our experience of stress.

20
New cards

Cortisol

A stress hormone that releases sugars into the blood, helping the body to respond to threat.

21
New cards

Fight or Flight Response

An emotional and behavioral reaction that increases the readiness for action.

22
New cards

Tend-and-befriend Response

A behavioral reaction that creates social networks to provide protection from threats.

23
New cards

Subjective well-being

Our assessment of our own happiness and life satisfaction.

24
New cards

Optimism

A general tendency to expect positive outcomes.

25
New cards

Self-efficacy

The belief in our ability to carry out particular actions in order to achieve a particular set of desired results.

26
New cards

Basal metabolic rate

The amount of energy expended while at rest.

27
New cards

Intrinsic motivation

Doing the activity for the pleasure of the activity itself.

28
New cards

Extrinsic motivation

Doing the activity in order to receive an external reward.

29
New cards

Expectancy theory

Performance increases if we believe our hard work will make a difference and that our hard work will be rewarded with something we value.

30
New cards

Growth mindset

The belief that one is able to learn.

31
New cards

Fixed mindset

The belief that knowledge, skills, and abilities cannot be improved.

32
New cards

Sexual response cycle

The biological sexual response in humans. (Arousal, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution)

33
New cards

General adaptation syndrome

The three distinct phases of physiological change that occur in response to long-term stress.

  1. Alarm: Body releases stress hormones, such as cortisol, and prepares to fight or flee.
  2. Resistance: Body adapts to the stressor and attempts to cope with it.
  3. Exhaustion: Body's resources are depleted, leading to fatigue, illness, and potentially more serious health problems.
34
New cards

PERMA Model

A model that suggests there are five measurable facets to psychological well-being: Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment.

35
New cards

Positive Emotion (P)

Experiencing joy, gratitude, serenity, hope, interest, amusement, awe, and love.

36
New cards

Engagement (E)

Being fully absorbed in an activity, feeling a sense of flow and losing track of time.

37
New cards

Relationships (R)

Having meaningful and authentic connections with others.

38
New cards

Meaning (M)

Serving something bigger than oneself, finding purpose and value in life.

39
New cards

Accomplishment (A)

Achieving goals, mastering skills, and feeling a sense of accomplishment and competence.

40
New cards

Determinants of Eating Patterns

Eating patterns are determined by a complex interplay of biological factors (e.g., hunger, satiety), psychological factors (e.g., mood, stress), social factors (e.g., cultural norms, family habits), and environmental factors (e.g., food availability, marketing).

41
New cards

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow, outlining five tiers of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: Physiological, Safety, Love and belonging, Esteem, and Self-actualization.

42
New cards

Physiological Needs

These are the basic physical requirements for human survival, including:

  • Air
  • Food
  • Drink
  • Shelter
  • Warmth
  • Sleep
43
New cards

Safety Needs

Once physiological needs are met, safety needs take precedence. These include:

  • Protection from violence and theft
  • Emotional stability and well-being
  • Job security
  • Financial security
  • Health security
44
New cards

Love and Belonging Needs

After physiological and safety needs have been fulfilled, the third level of human needs is social and involves feelings of:

  • Belongingness
  • Interpersonal relationships
  • Intimacy
  • Trust
  • Acceptance
  • Affection
45
New cards

Esteem Needs

Esteem needs are the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy and include:

  • Self-esteem
  • Confidence
  • Achievement
  • Respect of others
  • Respect by others
46
New cards

Self-Actualization Needs

Self-actualization needs are the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy, and refer to the realization of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.

47
New cards

Arousal Phase

The initial phase characterized by increased heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension.

48
New cards

Plateau Phase

A period of heightened arousal where physical changes reach their maximum.

49
New cards

Orgasm Phase

The peak of sexual excitement, characterized by rhythmic muscle contractions and intense pleasure.

50
New cards

Resolution Phase

The body gradually returns to its pre-aroused state, and relaxation occurs.