Piano - yellow

Staff

A set of 5 horizontal lines and 4 spaces on which musical notation is placed

Grand Staff

The combination of a treble and bass clef staff joined by a bracket

Bar Line

Vertical lines dividing music into measures

Double bar line

Two side-by-side vertical lines with the second thicker, indicating the end

Repeat Marks

Double bar line with two dots in front, indicating to repeat a section of music

Measure

Contains a fixed amount of beats in music, based on the time signature

Clef

Indicates the pitch of the notes on a staff

Sight Reading

Reading and playing a piece of music on sight for the first time

Penultimate

the next to last of something

Beat

Steady repeating pulse

Time Signature

Top number indicates number of beats per measure, and the bottom number indicates which type of note receives the beat

Rhythm

The pattern of sounds and silence in music

Notes

Represent sound in music

Stem

Vertical line connected to notehead

Notehead

part of note placed on a line or space of staff to indicate pitch

Flag

Added to stem of a note to represent an eighth note, sixteenth note, etc.

Beam

Horizontal line connecting multiple notes such as eighth notes or sixteenth notes

Rests

Represent silence in music

Whole note

receives 4 beats in 4/4 time

Dotted half note

receives 3 beats in 4/4 time

Half note

receives 2 beats in 4/4 time

Dotted Quarter note

receives 1 and a half beats in 4/4 time

Quarter note

receives 1 beat in 4/4 time

Eighth note

receives a half beat in 4/4 time

Sixteenth note

receives a fourth of a beat in 4/4 time

Treble clef/G Clef

EGBDF for lines, FACE for spaces

Bass clef/ F Clef

GBDFA for lines, ACEG for spaces

Key Signatures

at the beginning of music represented by sharps or flats indicating a tonal center or key of a piece of music

Sharp

raises a pitch by a half step

Flat

lowers a pitch by a half step

Natural

returns a pitch to its natural state

Beat

steady repeating pulse

Tempo

the speed of the music

Legato

to play in a smooth and connected manner

Staccato

to play in a short, detached manner

Slurs

Curved line connecting notes of different pitches meaning to play in a smooth and connected manner

Ties

Curved line connecting notes of the same pitch, indicating to hold for the entire value of both

Piano

p–soft

Mezzopiano

mp–moderately soft

Mezzoforte

mf–moderately loud

Forte

loud [f]

Crescendo

to gradually get louder

Decrescendo

to gradually get softer

Diminuendo

to gradually get softer