APGOV unit 1: chapter 2

Why did Madison promise to add a "bill of rights" during the latter part of the ratification process?

address concerns and objections raised by Anti-Federalists

he was worried the new federal government could become too powerful and infringe on individual liberties

The method (process) for ratifying a proposed amendment to the Constitution

three-fourths of the State legislatures, or three-fourths of conventions called in each State for ratification

Madison viewed slaves as both people and property

3/5 compromise

Who did Shays's Rebellion draw out of retirement? Why?

GW - his presence gave legitimacy to the changes

Why did some  support a "bill of rights"?

to protect individual rights and liberties (individual rights and libs gov can’t take away)

Process for proposing a new amendment to the Constitution

amendment has to be proposed ( 2/3 vote in house and senate) then ratified by either majority vote in 3/4 of state leg or acceptance by ratifying conventions in 3/4 of the states

Great Compromise

powers given to legislature include commerce, lawmaking and taxation

Fed No 51

argues that separation of powers and federalism will prevent tyranny

supremacy clause

constitutional provision declaring that the constitution and all national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land

Great Compromise- how will reps be determined?

took two plans and meshed them together the national leg would be bicameral (one house)

determined by state population

Why were the A of C weak intentionally?

due to tyranny that the colonist faced under British crown

Brutus No 1

anti fed paper arguing that the country was too large (shouldn’t be governed as republic) and constitution gave too much power to the national gov

federalism

the sharing of power between national gov and states

ex post fact laws

laws punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed (prohibited in the constitution)

what vote was required to amend the A of C?

2/3 congress

Fed No 10

argues that the danger of faction (a group) can be mitigated by a large republic and republic gov

Check and Balances

design of gov which wash branch has powers that can prevent the other branches from making policy

what were some key problems created by the weaknesses of the A of C?

conflicts over land rep and sovereignty

no exe or jud branch no standing army couldn’t tax and couldn’t impose tariffs

bill of attainder

when leg declares someone guilty without trial - prohibited in the constitution

separation of powers

a design of gov that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful on its own

3/5 compromise

A1 S2

slave or other person would count as a 3/5 of a person - purpose of calculating a states rep - slaves couldn’t vote

republic

a gov ruled by reps of the people (reps = republic)