2.1 Physical Security

Access control vestibule/mantrap

Small room allowing orgs to control access through an area

• First door must be closed before the second door may open

• May need a pin/badge/passcode to unlock door

Badge reader

Can use magnetic swipe, RFID, or NFC

Video surveillance

CCTV; no need for guards to be everywhere physically; can get multiple views of an area and show them on a screen

Alarm systems

Uses a opened/closed circuit (ex. if a window/door is opened, circuit is broken and alarm activates)

• Can also be motion detecting

Motion sensors

Detects motion in a space

• Sensitivity can be adjusted to avoid false alarms

Door locks

Different types of locks

• Conventional (lock and key)

• Deadbolt

• Electronic (pin pad)

• Token-based (badge, swipe, key fob, etc.)

• Biometric

• Multi-factor

Equipment locks

Locks on hardware racks

• Needs to be ventilated

Security guards

Serves as physical protection

• Will validate employee IDs

• Provides guest access

Bollards

Allows PEOPLE into an area, but not cars

• Also for pedestrian safety

Fences

Keeps unauthorized people out of an area

• The first line of physical defense

• Work best when paired with other physical security measures

Key fobs

A small RFID key

• Replaces a physical key

Smart cards

Can be used on a laptop/PC/phone/etc. or a door

• Will usually be used alongside another factor like a PIN

Keys

Used for mechanical locks

• Use key cabinets to organize keys/timestamps/see who checks in and out

Biometrics

Reads a handprint/fingerprint/retina scan

• Doesn’t save a PRINT, just a math representation of it

• Not fool proof; paired with other factors