Chapter 12: Emotions, Stress, and Health

Economic growth

________ in affluent countries has provided no apparent boost to peoples morale or social well- being.

Martin Seligman

________ showed that a series of uncontrollable events creates a state of learned helplessness.

Individualist cultures

________ do encourage people to vent their rage.

Psychoneuroimmunology

________: the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.

Stanley Schachter

________ and Jerome Singer showed that how we appraise our experiences also matters.

Adam Kramer

________ did a study where he tracked the frequency of positive and negative emotion words by day of the week.

Behavioral medicine research

________ provides a reminder of one of contemporary psychologys overriding themes.

thor pillar

The ________ is positive groups, communities, and cultures.

Positive Psychology

________: the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive.

Momentary stress

________ can mobilize the immune system for fending off infections and healing wounds.

great inequality

Places with ________ have higher crime rates, obesity, anxiety, and drug use, and lower life expectancy.

Positive emotions

________: Even after controlling for social support, gender, unhealthy behaviors, and pre- existing health problems, the mortality studies have found that religiously engaged people tend to live longer.

Optimists

________ not only live long lives, but they maintain a positive view as they approach the end of their lives.

social support

Building ________ can help us experience less stress and thus improve our health.

Cannon

________ and Philip Bard concluded that our bodily responses and experienced emotions occur separately but simultaneously.

humanistic psychologists

The ________ were interested in advancing human fulfillment in the 1960s.

heart disease

Work stress, involuntary job loss, and trauma- related stress symptoms increase ________ risk.

mindful people

When labeling emotions, ________ show less activation in the amygdala which aids emotion regulation.

Selgman

________ viewed happiness as a by- product of a pleasant, engaged, and meaningful life.

cerebral cortex

The ________ sends out orders to the adrenal glands and secretes glucocorticoid stress hormones such as cortisol.

right prefrontal cortex

When you experience negative emotions such as disgust, your ________ tends to be more active than the left.

creativity

It focuses on exploring and enhancing ________, courage, compassion, integrity, self- control, leadership, wisdom, and spirituality.

Catharsis

________: in psychology, the idea that "releasing "aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.

Neuroscientists

________ are charting the neural pathways of emotions.

voice tones

Gestures, facial expressions, and ________, which are absent in written communication, convey important information Gender, Emotion, and Nonverbal Behavior.

Catastrophes

________ are unpredictable large- scale event.

Emotional responses

________ can follow two different brain pathways.

Anger

________ that expresses a grievance in ways that promote reconciliation rather than retaliation can benefit a relationship.

Richard Lazarus

________ believed that our brain processes vast amounts of information without our conscious awareness, and that some emotional responses do not require conscious thinking.

Mindfulness Meditation

________: a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner.

Harry Helson

________ explained that we adjust our neutral levels based on our experience and then react to variations that are different levels.

Friedman

Type A: ________ and Rosenmans term for competitive, hard- driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger- prone people.

Psychologists

________ and physicians study how stress influences health and illness created the interdisciplinary field of behavioral medicine.

passive resignation

Learned Helplessness: the hopelessness and ________ an animal or person learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.

course of disease

Stress can hasten the ________.

behavioral methods

Coping: alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or ________.

B

Type ________: Friedman and Rosenmans term for easygoing, relaxed people.

Two Factor Theory

________: the Schachter- Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.

Perception of womens

________ emotionality also feeds- and is fed by- peoples attributing womens emotionality to their disposition and mens to their circumstances.

General Adaptation Syndrome

________ (GAS): Selyes concept of the bodys adaptive response to stress in three phases- alarm, resistance, exhaustion.

Positive moods

________ tend to trigger more left frontal lobe activity.

Facial Feedback Effect

________: the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness.

Aerobic exercise

________ is sustained, oxygen- consuming, exertion- such as jogging, swimming, or biking- that increases heart and lung fitness.

Personal Control

________: our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless.

Adaptation Level Phenomenon

________: our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience.

Hard to control facial muscles

________ can reveal emotions you may be trying to conceal.

Relative Deprivation

________: the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself.

single brain region

A(n) ________ can also serve as the seat of seemingly different emotion.

T lymphocytes

________, which attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances.

B lymphocytes

________, which release antibodies that fight bacterial infections.