Society and the Industrial Age

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts about society during the Industrial Age, focusing on social classes, economic roles, urbanization, and the impacts of industrialization.

New Social Classes

Emergence of middle class and industrial working class in society.

Industrial Working Class

Factory laborers facing harsh conditions, long hours, and low wages.

Middle Class

Business owners, professionals, and skilled workers benefiting from industrialization.

Child Labor

The employment of children in factories or mines, often under harsh conditions.

Factory Act of 1833

British law aimed at regulating child labor in factories.

Cult of Domesticity

An ideal emphasizing women's roles in the home and family.

Urbanization

The rapid growth of cities due to industrialization and economic changes.

Public Health Crisis

Health emergencies resulting from poor living conditions and pollution.

Overcrowding

Excessive population density leading to poor housing and sanitation.

Great Stink of 1858

Severe pollution crisis in London caused by sewage in the Thames River.

Environmental Consequences

Negative impacts on the environment due to industrial activity.

Sewage Systems

Infrastructure implemented to manage waste and improve sanitation.

Housing Regulations

Laws ensuring safety and health standards in urban housing.

Social Reform Movements

Efforts by individuals and organizations to improve conditions for the urban poor.

Respiratory Diseases

Health issues caused by air pollution and factory emissions.

Public Health Reforms

Initiatives to improve health conditions in urban areas.

Tenements

Poorly built, overcrowded housing often found in urban areas.

Manchester, England

City known as 'Cottonopolis' with significant industrial growth and pollution.

Leisure Activities

Free-time pursuits enjoyed by the middle class during industrialization.

Self-Discipline

Value emphasized by the middle class as essential for success.

Working-Class Women

Women in the workforce often in low-paying jobs, supporting their families.