Inflammation

Reversible

________: mild or moderate injury (leads to inflammation or degeneration)

Inflammation

________: reaction of vascularized living tissue to local injury, irritants or agents.

Irreversible

________: severe injury (leads to necrosis)

Vascular dilation

________ leading to an increase in blood flow.

Hotness is due to

increased blood flow

redness is due to

vasodilatation and increased blood flow

swelling is due to

exudate

pain is due to

irritation of nerve endings by metabolites

loss of function is due to

pain and tissue damage

Cardinal Signs of Acute Inflammation

Hotness

Redness

Swelling

Pain

Loss of function

General Signs of Acute Inflammation

1. Fever

2. Leukocytosis

3. C-reactive protein positive

4. Cloudy swelling of parenchymatous organs

Two Major Components of Acute Inflammation

1. Vascular changes

2. Cellular events

Benefits of Inflammation

1. Contain and isolate injury

2. Destroy invading microorganisms and inactive toxins

3. Prepare tissue for healing and repair

Causes of Inflammation

Physical agents

Tissue necrosis

Foreign bodies

Chemical agents

Infection (most common cause)

Immunological

most common cause of inflammation

Infection

Types of Inflammatory Response

• Acute inflammation

• Chronic inflammation

Tissue injury types

Reversible

Irreversible

mild or moderate injury leads to

inflammation or degeneration

severe injury leads to

necrosis

severe injury

_______ leads to necrosis and is irreversible

mild or moderate injury

_____ leads to inflammation or degeneration and is reversible