Chapter 18/19 - The Great Depression/New Deal (1929-1941): Quizzes/Tests

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One reason for the stock market crash was that people…

panicked and tried to sell their stocks before prices fell even further.

Which situation was a basic cause of the Great Depression?

Overproduction of consumer goods.

Which economic factor was a major cause of the Great Depression?

Purchase of stocks and goods on credit.

Many investors could not repay loans because the stocks were purchased…

on margin.

At the time of the stock market crash, the government did not insure bank deposits, so…

customers lost their savings if a bank collapsed.

During the Great Depression, expressions such as Hoovervilles and Hoover Flags showed that President Hoover…

was blamed for the suffering of the poor.

President Hoover reacted to the Great Depression with…

caution.

What were two basic causes of the Dust Bowl during the early 1930s?

Overfarming and severe drought.

President Herbert Hoover's response to the Great Depression was often criticized because it…

failed to provide direct relief for the neediest person.

Many Americans responded to photographs such as this [showing Bonus Army shacks burning on Anacostia flats, Washington, D.C., after being attacked by the military] by…

criticizing the government for its treatment of World War I veterans.

Borrowing money from a broker to purchase stock

Buying on Margin

The most devastating stock market crash in the history

Black Tuesday

Shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States of America.

Hoovervilles

Prolonged period in the stock market when investment prices are rising faster than average

Bull Market

Caused by severe drought, high winds and over farming of the land across the American Prairies.

Dust Bowl

In the 1920s, people used Installment Plans/Credit to buy consumer goods such as ----------------

household appliances

Which statement best summarizes President Herbert Hoover's approach to the Great Depression?

Unemployed workers should be patient because prosperity will eventually trickle down to them.

Putting a small amount of cash down and borrowing the rest to buy shares of stock is known as …

Buying on margin

"Hoovervilles" during the Great Depression consisted of

groups of makeshift homes in shantytowns

What practice in large part caused the stock market crash, sparking the Great Depression of the 1930's?

People overspeculating on stocks, using borrowed money that they couldn't repay.

Was this statement made by President Hoover or President Roosevelt:

• "I will propose to Congress a sweeping program to bring recovery to business and agriculture, relief to the unemployed and to those in danger of losing farms and homes, and reform."

President Roosevelt

Was this statement made by President Hoover or President Roosevelt:

• "I believe in a limited role for government and worry that excessive federal intervention poses a threat to capitalism and individualism. I feel that assistance should be handled on a local, voluntary basis."

President Hoover

Using the primary sources and your content knowledge, determine a cause and an effect of the Bonus Army march:

• "The 12' infantry was in full battle dress. Each had a gas mask and his belt was full of tear gas bombs… At orders, they brought their bayonets at thrust and moved in. The bayonets were used to jab people, to make them move. Soon, almost everybody disappeared from view, because tear gas bombs exploded. The entire block was covered by tear gas. Flames were coming up, where the soldiers had set fire to the buildings to drive these people out.. Through the whole afternoon, they took one camp after another." -quoted in Hard Times

• Cause: WWI veterans were refused their payment of a bonus.
• Effect: Veterans marched on D.C. and clashed with United States National Guard.

Which combination of factors contributed most to the start of the Great Depression of the 1930s?

Overproduction and the excessive use of credit

The New Deal tried to solve many problems that arose during the Great Depression by…

providing federal aid to various sectors of the American economy.

What problem were both the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) developed to address?

High unemployment

To try to correct the problem shown in the cartoon [Supreme Ct declaring his acts unconstitutional], President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed…

to have Congress pass a bill that placed more Justices on the Supreme Court.

​Which of the following contributed most to the situation described in this excerpt?

• "An estimated thousand people lived in St. Louis's Hooverville, located on the banks of the Mississippi near the city dump. In New York, noted one observer in 1931, hobos were "coming into the city in larger numbers than ever before and have set up a
  'jungle' for themselves in the heart of the East Side" on vacant lots owned by the city."

High unemployment and widespread home foreclosures

What does Franklin D. Roosevelt mean when he told the American people "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself"?

He hoped to calm the panic and hopelessness of the American people because of the Great Depression

While President, FDR use the radio to communicate with the American people. What did he call his radio addresses?

Fireside chats

"…I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people. Let ​us all​here assembled constitute ourselves prophets of a new order of ​competence ​and​of courage. This is more than a political campaign; it is a ​call to arms. Give me your​ help, not to win votes alone, but to win in this crusade ​to restore America to its own people.​ —Franklin D. Roosevelt, ​Acceptance Speech, Democratic National Convention, 1932"

• In this statement, Franklin D. Roosevelt promised to…

provide government assistance to combat the Great Depression.

Was the following Attributable to the New Deal or Not part of the New Deal?

• "Despite rising unemployment, the federal government's role is not to aid people who are unemployed"

Not part of the New Deal

Was the following Attributable to the New Deal or Not part of the New Deal?

• "The federal government bears the chief responsibility for ensuring the smooth running of the American economy."

Attributable to the New Deal

Was the following Attributable to the New Deal or Not part of the New Deal?

• "It is the responsibility of private organizations to provide help to people who are unemployed or homeless."

Not part of the New Deal

Was the following Attributable to the New Deal or Not part of the New Deal?

• "The government's role is to Increase its power in areas such as the social and economic life of its citizens."

Attributable to the New Deal

The Securities and Exchange Commission, formed in 1934 during the First New Deal, still operates today by…

regulating the stock market and restricting margin buying.

Which statement describes a significant cause of the circumstances shown in this photograph [Empty farms with no crops]?

Farmers in the Great Plains used mechanized equipment to remove native grasses from their fields.

The New Deal changed American political thinking because it was based on the principle that the…

federal government should attempt to solve social and economic problems.

The political cartoon describes the struggles of many people during the Great Depression. Which New Deal administration would have prevented the man in the cartoon from losing his savings?

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

How did TVA investment in the dam most likely benefit residents of Kentucky?

By facilitating economic development

A common theme among painters and photographers in the 1930s was…

hard times of the present.

One difference that distinguished the Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt from former U.S. Presidents was that Roosevelt was…

willing to use government intervention to solve economic problems.

Which of these New Deal programs provides money to the elderly, disabled and retirees?

The Social Security Administration

Americans who opposed New Deal measures introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt criticized them because they thought these measures…

expanded the role and size of the federal government