Unit 6b: Acids and Bases

acid

molecular compounds that ionize into hydrogen ions and anions in water

6 properties of acids

1 tastes sour

2 pH less than 7

3 corrosive

4 conduct electricity

5 react with metals to produce H2(g)

6 can be an oxyacid or binary acid

base

ionic compounds that dissociate into cations and hydroxide ions in water

8 properties of bases

1 slippery

2 bitter

3 pH higher than 7

4 corrosive

5 conduct electricity

6 dissolve by ionic dissociation except NH3

7 react with fats and oils to produce soap

8 don't react with metals

Arrhenius theory

acids are characterized by their sour taste, and low Ph. Bases are characterized by their bitter taste, slippery feel, and high pH

pH

the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

strength vs concentration

Strength is a measure of the degree of dissociation of an acid or base in solution, independent of its concentration.

Concentration refers to the amount of solute per quantity of solution.

neutralization

A reaction between an acid and a base resulting in salt and water as products

salt

ionic compound consisting of a metal cation from a base and an anion from an acid