Electrostatics: Van de Graaff Generator

Vocabulary and components related to the Van de Graaff generator as described in the electrostatics lecture notes.

Van de Graaff generator

A machine which produces large electrostatic potential difference of the order of $10^7\,V$.

Principles of the Van de Graaff generator

Electrostatic induction and action at points.

Hollow spherical conductor

A large conductor fixed on an insulating stand that forms the top part of the Van de Graaff generator.

Pulley B

A component mounted at the centre of the hollow sphere.

Pulley C

A component fixed at the bottom of the generator that is driven continuously by an electric motor.

Insulating belt

A belt made of materials like silk or rubber that runs over both pulleys to transport charge.

Comb D

A metallic conductor maintained at a positive potential of the order of $10^4\,V$; its high electric field causes the surrounding air to ionize.

Comb E

The upper metallic conductor connected to the inner side of the hollow metal sphere.

Action of points (in Van de Graaff working)

The process where negative charges in the ionized air move towards needles and positive charges are repelled towards the belt.