PNS midterm II

Numbness over the lateral shin and weakness of dorsiflexion may indicate which nerve damage?

-fibular nerve

Weakness of the plantar surface of the foot and plan- tar flexion would be related to

-tibial nerve

Which hip muscle has a unique innervation from the lumbar plexus?

-obturator externus

What nerve innervates the obturator externus

obturator nerve

Which symptom is indicative of an UMN lesion

-disuse atrophy

Which of these conditions will results in a LMN lesion

-carpal tunnel

Which nerve innervates the skin in the ear canal

-great auricular

The muscle spindles are sensitive to

amount of length change and rate of length change

What is the GTO is sensitive to

amount of load

Which symptom is indicative of a LMN lesion

-wasting atrophy

Which fiber type is unique to the GTO?

-1b

T or F: the DTR requires alpha and gamma co-activation to occur

True

Weakness of hip extension would likely be caused by

-inferior gluteal nerve

-sciatic nerve

The muscle spindle is sensitive to which

-amount of length change

-rate of length change

which nerve is responsible for throat movement

-ansa cervicalis

Weakness of toe extension would be related to which nerve

-deep peroneal

Tibial nerve AKA

sural nerve

Fibular nerve AKA

peroneal nerve

Plantars come from _______ nerve

tibial

What nerve innervates the quads/leg extension

femoral

What nerve controls dorsiflexion and toe extension

fibular

L2/L3 disc herniation affects

L3

L2/L3 IVF affects

L2

What could cause medial shin damage

L3 disc

L4 dermatome

knee and medial shin

L5 dermatome

dorsum of foot/lateral shin+buttocks

L3 dermatome

anterior thigh

L2 dermatome

inner thigh

L1 dermatome

groin

Which fiber type is capable of transmitting both static and dynamic change of muscle length?

annulospiral/type 1a

UMN lesions will present with what kind of paralysis

spastic

All of these are LMN except:

-MS

T or F: Muscle spindle sensitivity is set by alpha motor neuron

false

T or F: Golgi tendon reflex functions via reciprocal inhibition

false

Intrafusal fibers are innervated by

gamma motor neurons

Extrafusal fibers are innervated by

alpha motor neurons

Flower spray fibers can send information about

absolute length

T or F: The DTR and Golgi reflexes require cortical inputs

false

UMNs include which of the following:

-Cerebral Cortex

What fiber generates force?

extrafusal

what fiber is sensitive to stretch/length and rate of

change

intrafusal

T or F: Deep tendon reflex functions via reciprocal inhibition

true

What neuron innervates intrafusal fibers

gamma motor neuron

What reflex turns off the agonist muscle?

golgi tendon

T or F: deep tendon reflex turns on the agonist muscle

while turning off the antagonist

true

Golgi tendon reflex uses ______ inhibition

autogenic

Which symptom is indicative of an UMN lesion

-pathologic reflexes

Which symptom is indicative of a LMN lesion

-fasiculations

What would be considered an UMN lesion?

-stroke

Numbness over the lateral calf and plantar flexion weakness is indicative of what nerve damage

tibial

Which of the following nerves is pure motor

-ansa cervicalis

Which nerve is compromised if a patient complains of weak knee extension

Femoral

T or F: The GTO compromises the antagonist and excites the agonist

false

Weakness of the lateral shin is caused by what disc

L4/L5

Weakness of the lateral shin is caused by what IVF

L5/S1

Which of these is not an UMN lesion

-Cerebellar ataxia

Difficulty breathing and prolonged hiccups could be damage to which nerve

phrenic

T or F: muscle spindles sense load, GTO senses stretch

false

Cremasteric muscle is connected to which nerve?

genitofemoral

T or F: innervation of the plantar surface of the foot

comes from the peroneal nerve

false

A numb lateral thigh could be what kind of nerve issue?

lateral femoral cutaneous

An L2 disc herniation would cause a numb

anterior thigh

If a patient has weak abs, it could be a _____ nerve issue

iliohypogastric

sensation over the butt is innervated by the _______ nerve

perforating cutaneous (but really is superior gluteal)

Weakness of external hip rotation comes from which plexus

sacral

The saphenous nerve resembles which dermatome?

L4

Numbness over the medial shin could be what IVF stenosis

L4/L5

What fiber initiates the DTR

alpha

The nerve responsible for adduction

sciatic

The DTR is innervated using which of the following nerves

1a, Y, a

The muscle spindle sends info to the spinal cord along which fibers

2 and 1a

T or F: all CNS lesions will cause UMN lesion signs

False

Damage to which nerve would produce weakness of adduction

Obturator and sciatic

Weakness of knee extension and numb medial shin may be linked to which issues

L3 disc herniation and femoral nerve entrapment

T or F: Central pathologies exist which can create BOTH UMN and LMN lesions

True

Foot drop while walking may be observed due to which injuries

Sciatic, deep peroneal and common fibular

You notice your patient is dragging their leg due to insufficient hip flexion. Which nerve may be the problem?

Femoral

An L4 radiculopathy is related to which of these?

L3 Disc herniation and L4/L5 IVF Stenosis

A patient describes numbness down the inside of their thigh which nerves may be compromised?

Obturator

This nerve is responsible for controlling our major breathing muscle?

Phrenic

The GTO senses change in what?

Amount of force/load

Dynamic rate of change of length transmits along which fiber

1A

Radiculopathy of L5 may appear similar to neuropathy of what nerve

Peroneal, fibular and sciatic

A paralyzed diaphragm can be caused by injury to which nerve?

Phrenic

T or F: Central pathologies exist that cause neither UMN or LMN lesions?

True

Inability to walk on the balls of your feet may be caused by which nerves

Tibial and sciatic (plantar flexion)

Following a cortical stroke of the 1st degree motor cortex, what symptoms may your patient present with?

Increased reflexes and pathological reflexes

Identify any/all nerves associated with the sacral plexus?

Plantar

Sural

Peroneal

Fibular

Tibial

Sciatic

ALL

Identify any/all functions of the sacral plexus

Ankle dorsiflexion

Ankle eversion

Toe extension

Knee flexion

Ankle plantar flexion

External hip rotation

ALL

T or F: the lumbar plexus includes only lumbar nerve root

False

T or F: All UMN lesions are found within the CNS

True

This fiber sets the sensitivity of the muscle spindle by causing contraction

Y

T or F: The sacral plexus includes only sacral nerve roots

False

T or F: All LMN lesions are found within the PNS

False

Saddle Paresthesia may include which of the following

Central disc herniation, Annococygeal, Cauda Equina Syndrome, pudendal

Identify all the nerves associated with the lumbar plexus

Saphenous

Genitofemoral

Obturator

Iliohypogastric

Femoral

Ilioinguinal

ALL

Your patient has difficulty performing side-lying leg lifts, which nerve could be the issue?

Superior gluteal

Identify any/all functions of the lumbar plexus?

Hip flexion

Hip adduction

Knee extension

Abdominal bracing

External hip rotation

ALL

Your patient has suffered from a PNS nerve injury, what symptoms may they present with?

Fasciculations and decreased muscle tone

YOur patient has difficulty walking on their tip toes. Which nerve may be causing this?

Tibial and sciatic