MAPEH REVIEWER

classical era

aka “age of reason” 1750-1820, cultural life was dominated by aristocracy

harmony and texture

they are homophonic in general

4 instrumental forms

sonata, sonata-allegro, symphony, concerto

sonata

multimovement work for solo instrument

sonare

latin and italian word meaning “to sound”

3 movements of sonata

allegro, adagio, rondo

allegro

fast movement, presents how the theme is developed

adagio

slow movement

rondo

closing movement, often labeled as the finale

sonata-allegro

the basis for much classical music.

3 movements of sonata allegro

exposition, development, recapitulation

exposition

the themes are being presented. commonly repeated

development

starts in the same key as the exposition ended. move through many different keys

recapitulation

repeat of exposition. after the recap, the musical arrangement is said to be completed.

symphony

intended to be performed by an orchestra. it lasts from 20-45 minutes

sinfonia

“agreement or concord of sounds.'“ or “a harmonious sounding together.”

4 parts of the symphony

fast & lively, slow, medium/fast, brilliant fast

fast & lively

in sonata-allegro form

slow

gentle, lyrical - typical ABA form or theme and variation

medium/fast

uses a dance form (minuet or scherzo)

brilliant fast

typically rondo or sonata form

concerto

multimovement work designed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra

3 parts of the concerto

sonata form, slow&lyrical, fast

sonata form

usually in a fast tempo

slow&lyrical

written in Ternary form

fast

usually written in rondo or allegro form

classical opera

singers and musicians perform in a theatrical setting

the 2 distinct styled of classical opera

opera seria, opera buffa

opera seria

aka serious opera, implies heroic or tragic drama

opera buffa

aka comic opera, made use of everyday characters and situations, naughty humor and social satire.

elements of art

artists uses this to communicate their ideas.

line

foundation of all drawing, first and most versatile element

shape

flat, enclosed area

color

creates the mood or atmosphere of an artwork

texture

the roughness or smoothness of the material

form

uses perspective, 3d

tone

lightness or darkness of a color

balance

symmetrical or asymmetrical

unity

the harmony produced by all elements in a design piece

contrast

the level of difference between design elements

emphasis

main focus of the art piece

repetition

repeating a single element

pattern

repeating more than one design element

rhythm

repeated use of visual elements

movement

the path the viewers eyes take

leonardo di ser piero da vinci

known as the ultimate renaissance man.

famous artworks of leonardo da vinci

the last supper and mona lisa

sfumato “sfumare”

a painting technique, the soft transition between colours

tempera

mixing color pigments with water and egg yolk to make paint

michelangelo di lodovico buonarroti simoni

made two of the most influential works in fresco: the scenes from genesis on the ceiling and the last judgement on the wall of the sistine chapel in rome.

michelangelo’s famous paintings

the creation and the last judgement

raffaello sanzio da urbino

an italian painter and architect of the high renaissance period. took inspiration from da vinci.

raphael’s most famous artwork

the transfiguration and the school of athens

donato di niccolo di betto bardi

an italian sculptor of the renaissance period born in florence.

donatello’s most known artwork

the bronze david

The bronze david

first unsupported standing work of bronze, first freestanding nude male sculpture

social dance

get to know other people, aka ballroom dances

moder-standard dances

slow waltz, tango, fox trot, quickstep

slow waltz

austria

tango

argentina

foxtrot and quickstep

usa

latin-american dances

cha cha cha, samba, rhumba, paso doble, jive

cha cha cha and rhumba

cuba

samba

brazil

paso doble

spain

jive

usa

gateway drugs

drugs that a non drug user might try that can lead to a more dangerous drug, cigarettes and alcohols are an example.

depressants

aka “dwoners”, slows down a persons central nervous system.

examples of depressants

alcohol, barbiturate, tranquilizers

stimulants

aka “uppers” or “speeders”, speeds up a persons central nervous system

example of stimulants

caffeine which is found in softdrinks, energy drinks, coffee, tea, and chocolate. illegal stimulants are cocaine, nicotine, methamphetamine/shabu, and ecstasy

shabu

most commonly used drug in the ph

narcotics

aka “painkillers”, relieves pain and induce sleepiness

examples of narcotics

heroin and marijuana

hallucinogens

distorts reality and facts

examples of hallucinogens

lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescalin, and magic mushroom

inhalants

found in ordinary household chemical products

examples of inhalants

acetone, rugby, spray paint, cleaning fluids, ac fluid (freon)