Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key concepts, principles, hazard types, vulnerability categories, risk factors, and DRRM elements from Units 1, 2, and 9.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

The concept of mitigating and preparing for the adverse impacts of hazards, reducing vulnerabilities, managing land and environment wisely, and increasing community disaster resilience before disasters happen.

UNISDR

United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction; a global framework for disaster risk reduction that aims to achieve substantive reduction in disaster losses and build resilient nations and communities.

Disaster Risk

The combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences, defined by UNISDR.

Hazard

A threat to life, environment, or property that can be classified based on its origins as natural or man-made.

Vulnerability

The lack of power to be safe in times of disaster, or the failure to withstand the impacts of hazards.

Disaster

A dangerous situation or threat caused by natural or man-made events that disrupts the functions of individuals in a community, resulting in death, damage to resources, and loss of property.

Natural Hazards

Hazards caused by an abrupt or slow onset of naturally occurring biological, geological, hydrological, meteorological, and climatological phenomena.

Man-made Hazards

Hazards caused by human activities occurring near human settlements, including pollution, industrial and transport accidents, conflicts, and technological structures.

Biological Hazards

Natural hazards originating from biological sources, such as diseases, epidemics, and plagues.

Geological Hazards

Natural hazards originating from geological phenomena, such as earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, and volcanic activities.

Hydrological Hazards

Natural hazards originating from water phenomena, such as avalanches and rain-induced floods.

Meteorological Hazards

Natural hazards originating from weather phenomena, such as storm surges, cyclones, and tornadoes.

Climatological Hazards

Natural hazards originating from climate processes, such as droughts and wildfires.

Physical Risk Factor

Concrete objects in a community that can help or harm an individual during a disaster, such as availability of fire exits or sturdiness of infrastructure.

Psychological Risk Factor

The mental state of an individual during a disaster, including fear and the ability to respond.

Socio-cultural Risk Factor

Risk factors involving traditions, religion, and social statuses in society, such as community folklore or the bayanihan system.

Economic Risk Factor

Risk factors involving resources in the community and individual income sources, such as farming and employment.

Biological Risk Factor

Risk factors involving the flora and fauna in the environment, their health, and its diseases.

Hazard-Specific Vulnerability

A category of vulnerability that makes an element more susceptible to the forces or impacts of a hazard.

Setting-Specific Vulnerability

A category of vulnerability that makes a place or an area more susceptible to hazards because of its location or setting.

Physical Vulnerability

Potential damages a hazard can do to physical structures such as buildings, houses, and transportation systems.

Social Vulnerability

People's capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impacts of natural hazards.

Motivational Vulnerability

People's capacity and attitude to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from disaster impacts.

Proactive Approach

Efforts that could avoid future disasters, reduce current ones, and manage residual risks, improving resilience and contributing to sustainable development.

Resilient Community

A community able to withstand the likely impacts of a hazard without suffering or being devastated completely.

Assessment and Analysis

The first basic element of a DRRM plan, also known as needs and risk assessment, which evaluates hazard profile, vulnerability of the area, and community capacity.

Early Warning System (EWS)

Provision of short, distinct, clear information about an imminent hazard likely to affect a community, often utilizing color-coded alert levels.

Debriefing

A session used by grief counselors to help survivors cope with major loss or suffering to reduce possible post-traumatic stress disorder.

Recovery Plans

The DRRM process of gradually restoring the community to return to its predisaster level of functioning.

2013 Central Visayas Earthquake

An unforeseen magnitude $7.2$ earthquake hazard in Central Visayas that resulted in $222$ deaths, $350\,000$ displaced victims, and $73\,000$ destroyed buildings.

Typhoon Yolanda

A $2013$ typhoon event in Tacloban illustrating physical, social, and motivational vulnerability factors in disaster aftermath.