Blood Supply of the Head & Neck

Artery

Blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood from your heart to all of your body’s cells.

Elastin - Muscular

What are the 2 types of arteries?

Brachiocephalic Trunk

The right common carotid artery arises from which trunk?

Arch of Aorta

The left common carotid artery branches directly from the?

No

Do the left and right common carotid arteries give off branches in the neck?

External Carotid Artery - Internal Carotid Artery

At the level of the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage (C4), the carotid arteries split into (2)?

Carotid Triangle

The bifurcation of the carotid arteries occurs in an anatomical area known as the?

External Carotid Artery

It supplies the areas of the head and neck external to the cranium.

Superficial Temporal Artery - Maxillary Artery

The external carotid artery ends within the parotid gland by dividing into the (2)?

Superior Thyroid Artery - Lingual Artery - Facial Artery -Ascending Pharyngeal Artery - Occipital Artery - Posterior Auricular Artery

The external carotid artery gives rise to which branches (6)?

Carotid Canal

The internal carotid artery enters the cranial cavity via the _______ _____ in the petrous part of the temporal bone.

Brain & Brainstem - Eyes & Forehead

Within the cranial cavity, the internal carotid artery supplies (4)?

Thyrocervical Trunks

These tiny arteries arise from the subclavian arteries lateral to the vertebral arteries.

Thyrocervical Trunks

These arteries supply the thyroid gland and some scapular muscles.

Right and Left Subclavian Arteries

Which 2 arteries give rise to the thyrocervical trunk?

Inferior Thyroid Artery

It supplies the thyroid gland.

Ascending Cervical Artery

Arises from the inferior thyroid artery, as it turns medially in the neck, supplies the posterior prevertebral muscles.

Transverse Cervical Artery

Crosses the base of the carotid triangle and supplies the trapezius and rhomboid muscles

Suprascapular Artery

Supplies the posterior shoulder area.

Costocervical Trunks

These arteries arise from the subclavian arteries a little farther laterally

Costocervical Trunks

They supply the deep neck muscles and some of the intercostal muscles of the superior rib cage.

Vertebral Arteries

Are paired vessels which arise from the subclavian arteries, just medial to the anterior scalenes.

Vertebral Arteries

They ascend the posterior aspect of the neck, passing through holes in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae.

Foramen Magnum

The vertebral arteries enter the cranium via the?

Basilar Artery

The vertebral arteries enter the cranium via the foramen magnum and converge to form the _______ ______ which continues to supply the brain.

No

Do the vertebral arteries supply any branches to the neck or other extra-cranial structures?

Medial and Superior Brain - Frontal Pole

2 areas supplied by anterior cerebral artery.

Lateral Brain - Temporal Pole - Posterior Cerebral Artery Inferior Brain - Occipital Pole

5 areas supplied by middle cerebral artery.

Internal Jugular - External Jugular - Vertebral

The head and neck are drained mainly by three pairs of veins, which are?

Veins

Blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.

Veins

Hold most of the blood in your body; nearly 75% of the blood.

Deep - Superficial - Perforating

What are the 3 types of veins?

Superior Sagittal Sinus

Contained in the superior margin of the falx cerebri and overlies the longitudinal fissure of the brain, drains into a transverse sinus.

Inferior Sagittal Sinus

Contained in the inferior margin of the falx cerebri and arches over the corpus callosum, deep in the longitudinal fissure

Right and Left Transverse Sinuses

These sinuses (2) lead away from the confluence and encircle the inside of the occipital bone, leading toward the ears; their path is marked by grooves on the inner surface of the occipital bone

Cavernous Sinuses

Honeycombs of blood-filled spaces on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone, receive blood from the superior ophthalmic vein of the orbit and the superficial middle cerebral vein of the brain, among other sources, drain through several outlets.

Internal Jugular - External Jugular - Vertebral

What are the 3 major veins of the neck?

Internal Jugular Vein

This vein courses down the neck deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

External Jugular Vein

This vein courses down the side of the neck superficial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and empties into the subclavian vein

Vertebral Vein

This vein travels with the vertebral artery in the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae.