Science 6 Lesson 10: Human Body System - Circulatory and Lymphatic System

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms and components of the human circulatory, lymphatic, and respiratory systems from Lesson 10.

Respiratory System

A body system responsible for the breathing process and gas exchange, taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.

Circulatory System

A major human body system consisting of the heart, blood, and blood vessels that transports needed blood and nutrients throughout the body.

Heart

The pumping organ of the body that keeps blood moving, beating an average of 60 to 100 times per minute.

Blood

The liquid part constantly flowing throughout the body, composed of plasma and solid formed components.

Plasma

The liquid part of the blood.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells, which are formed components of blood that transport gases to and from the cells.

Leukocytes

White blood cells that play a vital role in the body's immune system by fighting infection-causing bacteria and viruses.

Thrombocytes

Platelets, which are the smallest formed components of blood that assist in blood clotting.

Blood Vessels

A vast network of small tubes that carry blood throughout the body.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Capillaries

The smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing the exchange of oxygen and nutrients with body cells.

Atrium

One of two upper chambers of the heart (left and right atrium) that receive blood returning to the heart.

Ventricles

The two lower pumping chambers of the heart (left and right ventricles) that force blood out to the lungs and body.

Heart Valves

Overlapping tissue structures located between the atrium and ventricles that ensure blood flows in only one direction.

Inferior and Superior Vena Cava

Two large veins that empty oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium of the heart.

Pulmonary Artery

The vessel through which oxygen-poor blood leaves the right ventricle to travel to the lungs for oxygenation.

Pulmonary Vein

The vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart.

Aorta

The main blood vessel through which oxygen-rich blood leaves the left ventricle to be distributed to the rest of the body.

Lymphatic System

A subsystem of the circulatory and immune systems that collects the ~15% excess tissue fluid and returns it to the bloodstream while fighting infections.

Lymph Fluid

A clear liquid carrying white blood cells that fight infection, which travels through lymph vessels back toward the heart.

Lymph Vessels

Small tube-like structures spread throughout the body that transport lymph fluid back to large veins near the heart.

Lymph Nodes

Small filter-like structures found throughout the body that clean lymph fluid by trapping germs like bacteria and viruses and producing infection-fighting white blood cells.