Review of Properties and Introduction and the Basics of Naming

Transfer of electrons

Ionic Compounds (Crystals)

Made from a metal and a non-metal

Ionic Compounds (Crystals)

Metals lose electrons, nonmetals gain

electrons

Ionic Compounds (Crystals)

Chemical formula is arranged in the smallest whole number ratio (empirical

formula)

• Formula unit: the smallest repeating pattern within a crystal

Ionic Compounds (Crystals)

they are electrically neutral

Ionic Compounds (Crystals)

Ions can be _________

monatomic or polyatomic

Monatomic

Made up of a single atom

Polyatomic

Made up of multiple atoms

Monatomic cations

have the same name as the element

• Ex: Na⁺¹ = Sodium ion

• Ex: Ca⁺² = Calcium ion

Monatomic anions

have the ending of the element name changed to “-ide”

• Ex: Cl^-1 = Chloride ion

• Ex: O^-2 = Oxide ion

Polyatomic ions

are made up of two or more elements covalently bonded together with an overall positive or negative charge

Sharing of electrons

Molecular Compounds

Made from nonmetals only

Molecular Compounds

Molecules of the same compound are IDENTICAL and INDEPENDENT of each other

Molecular Compounds

Chemical formula indicates the exact makeup of one molecule (molecular formula)

Molecular Compounds

Ions

atoms or groups of atoms that have a positive charge

Cation

any atom or group of atoms w/ a + charge

Anion

any atoms or group of atoms with a - charge

Molecule

an electrically neutral group of atoms that act as a unit

Molecular Formula

shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in one molecule of that substance

Formula Unit

the smallest representative unit of an ionic compound