Patho ch 16 ischemic heart disease and conduction disorders

angina pectoris

chest pain

unstable angina

squeezing pain in the chest that the pt has not felt before and is not relieved by rest

chronic stable angina 

chest pain that the pt has felt before, pt has been diagnosed and treated for this pain 

microvascular angina 

chest pain that (when an angiography is performed) shows no obstructed coronary artery

acute MI (myocardial infarction)

when heart tissue undergoes prolonged ischemia (oxygen deprivation) and does not recover

what is a biomarker for diagnosing MI

hs-cTn (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin) wh

what is a STEMI MI

st segment elevation myocardial infarction 

what is a NSTEMI MI

non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

what three factors influence the amount of damage a MI causes to cardiac tissue?

1. location/level of occlusion in the coronary artery

2. length of time the artery was occluded

3. hearts availability of collateral circulation (the amount of alternate routes available to get blood to tissues)

ineffective endocarditis

infection of cardiac endothelium, causes by bacteria or fungi 

myocarditis

inflammation of muscle wall of the heart, caused by either autoimmune mechanisms or a toxin that causes WBCs to flock to the area and destroy tissue

cardiac tamponade

when more than 200mL of fluid accumulates between in pericardium and the epicardium

pericardial effusion

when too much fluid accumulates around the heart