Top 400 Drugs

Tylenol (I,D,OD)

analgesic

Acetaminophen

analgesic

I: fever/pain

D: max <4g/day

OD = liver damage, antidote: NAC

Acetadote (I)

mucolytic

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

mucolytic

I: APAP overdose

Bayer (I,D,CI,OD,BBW)

NSAID

Aspirin

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D: 81-325mg daily

CI: pregnancy (esp 3rd trimester)

OD = tinnitis

BBW: COX-1 selective at high doses = GI bleed

Motrin, Advil (I,D,BBW)

NSAID

Ibuprofen

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D:

• OTC: 200-400mg q4-6h

• Rx: 600-800mg TID, max 3200mg/d

BBW: COX-1 selective at high doses = GI bleed

Naprosyn, Aleve (I,D,BBW)

NSAID

Naproxen

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D:

• OTC: 220mg daily

• Rx: 250-550mg BID

Higher GI side effects

BBW: COX-1 selective at high doses = GI bleed

Daypro, Coxanto (I,BBW)

NSAID

Oxaprozin

NSAID

I: arthritis

BBW: COX-1 selective at high doses = GI bleed. CABG → thrombosis

Voltaren (I,D)

NSAID

Diclofenac (gel)

NSAID

I: pain/inflammation

Dose: AAA 2-4g QID

Toradol (I,D -IV/PO/Max-,BBW)

NSAID

Ketorolac
NSAID

I: analgesia

D:

• IV/IM 30mg x1, or 30mg QID (max 120mg/d)

• PO: 20mg once after IV or IM, then 10mg q4-6hr (max: 40mg/d)

*BBW: COX-1 selective at high doses = GI bleed (max use 5d)

Indocin (I,D,BBW)

NSAID

Indomethacin

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation, gout

D: 25-50mg IR, 75mg BID CR

High risk for CNS SE and GI toxicity

BBW: COX-1 selectivity NSAID = GI bleed

Clinoril (BBW)

NSAID

Sulindac

NSAID

less common NSAID that may be better w/ reduced renal function

BBW: COX-1 selectivity NSAID = GI bleed

Relafen (I,D)

NSAID

Nabumetone

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D: 1000-200mg qd or bid

Feldene (I,D,BBW)

NSAID

Piroxicam
NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D: 10-20mg qd

*High risk for GI tox and severe SJS

*Most GI toxic w/ ketorolac

*BBW: COX-1 selectivity NSAID = GI bleed

Mobic (I,D, selectivity)

NSAID

Meloxicam

NSAID

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D: 7.5-15mg po (Max: 15mg/d)

*COX-2 selectivity NSAID: CV event (MI, stroke)

Celebrex (I,D,selectivity)

NSAID, COX2 selective

Celecoxib

NSAID, COX2 selective

I: fever/pain/inflammation

D: 200mg qd or BID

*lowest GI bleed risk but highest CV risk

*COX-2 selectivity NSAID: CV event (MI, stroke)

Humira (I,D,BBW)

TNF inhibitor

Adalimumab

TNF inhibitor

I: arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's, UC, etc

D: 40mg SC every other week

*BBW: fatal infections, malignancy, TB

Remicade (I,D,SE,BBW)

TNF inhibitor

Infliximab

TNF inhibitor

I: arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's, UC, etc

D: 3 mg/kg IV on weeks 0, 2 and 6, then q8w

*Delayed hypersensitivity reactions

*BBW: fatal infections, malignancy, TB

Enbrel (I,D,BBW)

TNF inhibitor

Etanercept

TNF inhibitor

I: arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's, UC, etc

D: 50mg SC weekly

*BBW: fatal infections, malignancy, TB

Orencia (I,D,compound,SE)

T-cell blocker

Abatacept

T-cell blocker

I: arthritis

D: 500-1000mg IV at 0, 2 and 4 weeks, then qm, 125mg SC weekly

*NS only

*Warnings: malignancies, serious infections, may worsen COPD sx

Kineret (I,D,SE)

IL-1 antagonist

Anakinra

IL-1 antagonist

I: RA

D: 100mg SC qd

*Warnings: malignancies, serious infections

Arava (I,D,BBW,CI)

immunosuppresant

Leflunomide

immunosuppresant

I: DMARD

D: 100mg PO x 3d, then 20mg PO qd

*BBW: embryo-fetal toxicity, hepatotoxicity

*CI: pregnancy (must have negative preg test and 2 forms of birth control & wait 2 yrs after DC to have kids)

Azulfidine (I,D,CI)

Sulfasalazine

I: DMARD

D: 500-1000mg qd, then 1000mg BID

*CI: sulfa allergy

Rheumatrex (I,D,BBW)

Methotrexate

I: DMARD

D: 7.5-20mg once weekly (never daily for RA)

*BBW: hepatotoxicty, myelosuppression, mucosititis/stomatitis

Plaquenil (I,D,SE)

Hydroxychloroquine

I: DMARD

D: 400mg qd, then 300mg qd

*Warnings: irreversible retinopathy

Imuran (I,D,BBW,SE)

Azathioprine

I: RA, transplant

D: 1.5-3mg/kg/d IV or PO

*BBW: increased risk of malignancy in IBD

*Warning: hematologic toxicity, increased risk of myelosuppression in TPMT pts

Veetids (I,SE)

Penicillin VK

I: infection

D: hella

*Renal toxicity

Dynapen (I,D)

Dicloxacillin

I: staph infection

D: 125-500mg q6h PO

Unasyn (D,compounding)

Ampicillin/sulbactam

D: 1.5-3 g q6h

*NS only

Principen (D,compounding,food)

Ampicillin

D: 250-500mg po q6h, 1-2g IV q4-6h

*Empty stomach

*NS only

Amoxil, Moxatag (D,food)

Amoxicillin

D: 250-500mg q8-12h,

500-875 q12h

*Take w/ food

Augmentin (D,food)

Amoxicillin/clavulanic

D: 875/125mg po q12hr

*Take w/ food

Zosyn (D)

Piperacillin/tazobactam

D:

-3.375 g QID IV

-4.5 TID-QID

-3.375-4.5g IV TID (each dose infused over 4 hrs)

Ancef (D,gen)

Cefazolin

1-2g q8hr IV/IM

*1st gen

Ancef, Kefzol (D,gen)

Cefazolin

1-2g q8hr IV/IM

*1st gen

Keflex (D,gen)

Cephalexin

250-500mg po qid

*1st gen

Cefzil (D,gen)

Cefprozil

250-500mg po qd or bid

*2nd gen

Mefoxin (D,gen)

Cefoxitin

1-2g q4-6hr IV/IM

*2nd gen

Ceclor (D,gen)

Cefaclor

250-500mg po tid

*2nd gen

Ceftin (D,gen)

Cefuroxime

0.25-1.5g IV/IM/PO q8-12hr

*2nd gen

Rocephin (D,gen,SE)

Ceftriaxone

1-2g qd or bid IV/IM

*3rd gen

*hepatotox

Suprax (D,gen)

Cefixime

200-400mg po qd or bid

*3rd gen

Claforan (D,gen)

Cefotaxime

1-2g IV/IM q6-8hr

*3rd gen

Fortaz (D,gen)

Ceftazidime

1-2g IV/IM tid

*3rd gen

Omnicef (D,gen,storage)

Cefdinir

300-600mg po qd or bid

*3rd gen

*don't need to refrigerate

Maxipime (D,gen)

Cefepime

0.5-2g IV/IM tid

*4th gen

Teflaro (D,gen,coverage)

Ceftaroline

400-600mg IV bid

*5th gen

*covers MRSA

Levaquin (D,BBW,SE,storage)

Levofloxacin

500-750mg IV/PO qd

*BBW: tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effect

*Warnings: photosensitivity, hypoglycemia, seizures

*don't refrigerate

Cipro (D,BBW,SE,storage)

Ciprofloxacin

-250-750mg po qd or bid

-200-400mg IV tid

*BBW: tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effect

*Warnings: photosensitivity, hypoglycemia, seizures

*don't refrigerate

Floxin (D,storage)

Ofloxacin (otic)

400mg bid

*don't refrigerate

Avelox (D,BBW,SE)

Moxifloxacin

400mg qd IV/PO

*BBW: tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effect

*Warnings: photosensitivity, hypoglycemia, seizures

*No renal adj

Flagyl (D,food,CI,storage)

Metronidazole

500mg q6h PO/IV

*Take with food

*Avoid alcohol

*don't refrigerate!

Macrobid (D,SE)

Nitrofurantoin monohydrate

100mg po BID

*less SEs bc of slower absorption

*serious lung problems, C. diff

Macrodantin (D,SE)

Nitrofurantoin macrocrystal

100mg po QID

*serious lung problems, C. diff

Vancocin (D,SE)

Vancomycin

-15mg/kg

-500mg to 2g/d q6-12h

*nephro/ototoxicity, RMS

Cleocin (D,BBW)

Clindamycin

-450mg po tid or qid

-600-900 mg IV q6-8h

*BBW: C. diff!

Zithromax, Z-Pak (D,food,SE)

Azithromycin

-500mg po on Day 1, then 250mg Days 2-5

*empty stomach

*QT prolongation

Ery-Tab (D,SE)

Erythromycin

400mg PO QID

*QT prolongation

Biaxin (D,SE)

Clarithromycin

1 g po qd

*metallic taste

*QT prolongation

Bactrim, Septra (D,CI,food,SE)

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

-SS: 400mg SMX/80mg TMP

-DS: 800mg SMX/160 mg TMP

*CI: sulfa allergy

*Take with food

*SJS, crystalluria, photosensitivity

Zyvox (D,SE)

Linezolid

600mg BID po/iv

*Myelosuppression

Minocin, Dynacin (D,CI,SE)

Minocycline

100mg po bid

*CI:

Vibramycin (D,food,CI,SE)

Doxycycline

100mg po bid

*take with food

*CI:

Tygacil (D,CI,SE)

Tigecycline

100mg IV x 1, then 50mg bid IV

*CI:

Diflucan (D,SE)

Fluconazole

-500mg qd

-150mg po x 1

*hepatotoxicity, SJS

Lamisil (D,SE)

Terbinafine

250mg po qd

*hepatotoxicity

Mycostatin (I,D)

Nystatin

-Suspension for oral yeast infection (swish and swallow 4-5 times daily)

-Vaginal insert: 100,000 unit x 2 weeks

VFEND(D,I,SE,food)

Voriconazole

-300mg po bid

-4-6mg/kg IV

*DOC for Aspergillus

*SEs: visual changes, photosensitivity, hepatotoxicity

*take on empty stomach

Demerol (D,SE,DOA)

Meperidine

100mg IV/SC/IM

*short DOA (3hrs)

*SE: serotoninergic, CNS toxicity

MS Contin, Roxanol, Oramorph, Kadian, Avinza (D)

Morphine ER

-15-200mg po bid-tid

-10mg q4h IV

Infumorph, Duramorph (D)

Morphine IR

-30mg po q4h prn

-10mg q4h IV

Norco, Lortab, Lorcet, Vicoden (D)

Hydrocodone/acetaminophen

2.5-10/325mg po q4h prn

Vicoprofen (D)

Hydrocodone/ibuprofen

2.5-10/325mg po q4h prn

Roxicodone (D)

Oxycodone IR

10-30mg po q4-6hr

OxyContin (D)

Oxycodone CR

10-80mg po bid

Percocet (D)

Oxycodone/acetaminophen

2.5-10/325mg po q6hr

Percodan (D)

Oxycodone/aspirin

4.83/325mg po q6h prn (max 12 tabs/hr)

Dolophine (D,I,BBW)

Methadone

2.5-10mg q8-12hr

*BBW: QT prolongation

*used for treating opioid addiction

Dilaudid (D -PO/IV)

Hydromorphone

-PO: 7.5mg q4h

-IV/SC: 1.5 mg q6h

Sublimaze (D IM/IV)

Fentanyl injection

-50-100mcg IM or IV 30-60min pre-op

-25-100mcg IV over 1-2 min peri-op

Duragesic (D)

Fentanyl patch

1 patch q72h

Actiq (D)

Fentanyl lozenge

200mcg x 4

Nubain (I,Max)

Nalbuphine

I: pain in labor/anesthesia

max 160mg/day

Ultram (D, CI, SE, sched)

Tramadol

25-50mg po q4h prn

*CIV

*CI: <12 yoa

*Seizure, serotonin syndrome risks

Nucynta (D,SE, sched)

Tapentadol

50-100mg q4-6 hr prn

*CII

*less GI effects than opioids

Narcan (D)

Naloxone

0.4-2mg q2-3 min or IV infusion

Revex (I)

Nalmefene

*for opioid OD

ReVia

Naltrexone

-25mg po x 1, then 50mg po qd on Day 2

*for alcohol and opioid dependence

INH (D,BBW,I,SE)

Isoniazid

300mg po qd x 9 months

*BBW: severe/fatal hepatitis

*monotherapy for latent TB

*Warning: neurotoxic (take w/ pyridoxine aka Vit B6), lupus

Rifadin (D,SE)

Rifampin

600mg po qd

*Warning: orange urine/body fluid, flu-like syndrome, hepatotoxicity

Pegasys & PegIntron (D, BBW)

Peginterferon alfa 2a & 2b

-2a: Pegasys 180 mcg SC qw

-2b: PegIntron 1.5mcg/kg SC qw

*BBW: worsening autoimmune system, infection, psych problems, ischemic problems, blood problems

Rebetol, Copegus, Ribasphere (D,BBW,CI,SE)

Ribavirin

200mg po bid

*BBW: hemolytic anemia

*must be taken w/ PEG-IFN bc monotherapy isn't effective

*CI: pregnancy

*Combo SEs: anemia, birth defects, eye problems

Olysio (I,D,food,SE)

Simeprevir

I: Hep C genotype 1 & 4

D: 150mg po qd x 12 weeks + PEG-IFN/RBV or sofosbuvir

*Take w/ food

*SEs: anemia, requiring ESA, photosensitivity

Zovirax (I,D,food)

Acyclovir

I: HSV, shingles

-200mg po 2-5 times daily

-Apply cream 6 times/day x 7 days

*Take w/ water to prevent kidney stones

Valtrex (I,D)

Valacyclovir

I: HSV, shingles

2g po BID x 1 day

*Prodrug of acyclovir

Famvir (I,D)

Famciclovir

I: HSV, shingles

-Shingles: 500mg po tid x 7 days w/in 72 hrs onset

Symmetrel (I,D)

Amantadine

I: Parkinson's disease

D: 100mg po bid or tid

*For initial tremor tx

Tamiflu (I,D,SE,age,time to start)

Oseltamivir

I: flu tx and ppx

D:

-Tx: 75mg po BID x 5 d

-Ppx: 75mg po QD x 10 d

*Must be started w/in 48 hrs

*SEs: N/V

*For >/= 1 yoa

Relenza (I,D,ROA,age)

Zanamivir

I: flu tx and ppx

D:

-Tx: 10mg po BID x 5 d

-Ppx: 10mg po QD x 10 d

*oral inhalation

*for >/= 7 yoa

Foscavir (BBW)

Foscarnet

*BBW: only for immunocompromised pts w/ CMV retinitis and acyclovir-resistant HSV, renal impairment, seizures

Pulmozyme (I,D)

Dornase alfa

I: cystic fibrosis

D: 2.5mg nebulizer qd or bid if needed

Combivir (MOA,SE)

Zidovudine/lamivudine

*NRTI

*SE: lactic acidosis