Pharmacology Competency Assessment

What class are Cephalosporins?

Beta-Lactams.

What is the action of Cephalosporins (2)?

(1) Bactericidal, (2) Tx infection.

What are three (3) examples of Cephalosporins (Generic + Trade)?

Cephalexin (Keflex),

Cefazolin (Ancef),

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin).

What are two (2) side effects of Cephalosporins?

(1) Colitis and (2) Seizures.

What are two (2) nursing considerations for Cephalosporins?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving first dose,

(2) Determine allergy to penicillin due to cross-sensitivity.

What class are Penicillins?

Beta-Lactam..

What is the action of Penicillins?

Bactericidal.

What are three (3) examples of Penicillins (Generic)?

(1) Amoxicillin, (2) Ampicillin, (3) Piperacillin.

What are three (3) side effects of Penicillins?

(1) Allergic Reactions, (2), Colitis, (3) Seizures.

What are two (2) nursing considerations for Penicillins?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose, (2) Determine allergy to cephalosporins due to cross-sensitivity.

What is the action of Sulfonamides?

Bactericidal.

What is one (1) example of Sulfonamides (Generic)?

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim).

What are two (2) side effects of Sulfonamides?

(1) Crystalluria, (2) Hyperkalemia.

What are four (4) nursing considerations for Sulfonamides?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose, (2) Given together to prevent resistance, (3) Encourage fluids/ Monitor Urine output, (4) Monitor Electrolytes, BUN/Creatinine.

What is the action of Tetracyclines?

Bactericidal.

What are two (2) examples of Tetracyclines (Generic)?

(1) Doxycycline, (2) Tetracycline.

What are two (2) side effects of Tetracyclines?

(1) Esophageal Ulceration, (2) Tooth Discolouration.

What are three (3) nursing considerations for Tetracyclines?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose, (2) NO dairy, (3) NOT during pregnancy, (4) NOT to children under 8 y/o, (5) Tooth discolouration.

What is the action of Macrolides?

Bactericidal.

What are three (3) examples of Macrolides (Generic)?

(1) Erythromycin, (2) Azithromycin, (3) Clarithromycin.

What are two (2) side effects of Macrolides?

(1) Dysrhythmias, (2) Ototoxicity.

What is one (1) nursing consideration for Macrolides?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose.

What is the action of Fluoro-Quinolones?

Bactericidal.

What is one (1) example of Fluoro-Quinolones (Generic)?

(1) Ciprofloxacin.

What are two (2) side effects of Fluoro-Quinolones?

(1) Achilles Tendonitis, (2) Achilles Rupture.

What are three (3) nursing considerations for Fluoro-Quinolones?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose, (2) NO dairy, (3) Observe, educate and report pain in the Achilles site.

What is the action of Anti-Fungals?

Tx fungal (mycotic) infections.

What are two (2) examples of Anti-Fungals (Generic + Trade)?

Fluconazole (Diflucan), Nystatin (Mycostatin)

What is one (1) side effect of Anti-Fungals?

(1) Liver toxicity.

What is one (1) nursing consideration for Anti-Fungals?

(1) Obtain any specimen cultures before giving

first dose.

What class are Opioids?

Narcotics.

What is the action of Opioids?

Relieve pain.

What are five (5) examples of Opioids (Generic + Trade)?

Fentanyl, Hydromorphone (Dilaudid), Morphine (MS Contin), Oxycodone (Oxycontin), Codeine.

What are two (2) side effects of Opioids?

(1) Respiratory Depression, (2) Hypotension.

What are three (3) nursing considerations for Opioids?

(1) Assess Before: Vitals (Resp) and pain level before, (2) Evaluate After: LOC, Vitals/Resp, Pain, Safety, (3) Reversal: Naloxone.

What is the action of Opioid-Nonopioid Combos?

Relieve pain.

What are three (3) examples of Opioid-Nonopioid Combos (Generic + Trade)?

(1) Oxycodone/Tylenol (APAP) (Percocet), (2) Hydrocodone/ Tylenol (APAP) (Vicodin), (3) Codeine/ APAP (Tylenol #3).

What are two (2) side effects of Opioid-Nonopioid Combos?

(1) Respiratory Depression, (2) Hypotension.

What are two (2) nursing considerations for Opioid-Nonopioid Combos?

(1) Assess Before: Vitals (Resp) and pain level before, (2) Evaluate After: LOC, Vitals/Resp, Pain, Safety.

What is the action of NonOpioid

Analgesics?

Relieve pain.

What is one (1) example of NonOpioid

Analgesics (Generic + Trade)?

(1) Acetaminophen (APAP) (Tylenol).

What are three (3) side efefcts of NonOpioid Analgesics?

(1) Toxicity, (2) Liver Failure, (3) GI Bleeding.

What are three (3) nursing considerations for NonOpioid Analgesics?

(1) Assess Before: Vitals and pain level, (2) Evaluation After: Vitals, Pain, (3) Reversal: Acetylcysteine (oral).

What is the action of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (2)?

(1) Relieve Pain, (2) Decrease inflammation.

What are three (3) examples of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (Generic + Trade)?

(1) Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), (2) Naproxen (Aleve), (3) Ketorolac (Toradol).

What are two (2) side effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs?

(1) GI Bleeding, (2) Nephrotoxicity.

What are two (2) nursing considerations for Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs?

(1) Assess Before: Vitals and Pain, (2) Evaluate After: Vitals and Pain.

What is the action of Antigout Agents (3)?

(1) Relieve Pain, (2) Reduce Inflammation, (3) Block/ Inhibit Uric Acid.

What are two (2) examples of Antigout Agents (Generic)?

(1) Allopurinol (Inhibit Production) (2) Colchicine (Stop Inflammation).

What is one (1) side effect of Antigout Agents?

(1) GI Upset.

What are two (2) nursing considerations for Antigout Agents?

(1) Encourage Fluids, (2) Avoid Purines.