1.2a Periodic Table And Atoms
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13 Terms
What types of atoms do covalent bonds form between?
Covalent bonds form between non-metal atoms
What is the definition of a covalent bond?
A covalent bond forms when two positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared pair of electrons
What are the seven diatomic elements?
They are hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine
What is a central atom?
It is the single atom in a molecule that connects to two or more other atoms at the same time
How do covalent bonds contribute to covalent bond shapes?
Covalent bonds completely surround the central atom, going outward from the centre
What shape does a central atom with two covalent bonds and zero lone pairs have?
A linear shape
What shape does a central atom with two covalent bonds and one or two lone pairs have?
An angular shape
What shape does a central atom with three covalent bonds and one lone pair have?
A trigonal pyramidal shape
What shape does a central atom with four covalent bonds and zero lone pairs have?
A tetrahedral shape
Why do covalent molecular substances have low melting and boiling points?
Only weak forces of attraction between the molecules are broken when a substance changes state
Why do covalent molecular substances not conduct electricity?
They do not have charged particles which are free to move
Why do covalent network substances have very high melting and boiling points?
They have a giant network of strong covalent bonds that is not easily broken
Which covalent network form of carbon can conduct electricity?
Graphite can conduct electricity because it has a free electron to carry charge