Energy Expenditure Review

Vocabulary flashcards summarizing key terms related to energy expenditure and metabolism.

Energy Expenditure (EE)

The amount of energy used to support physiological processes of an organism.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Minimum rate of energy required for essential physiological function, related to fat-free mass.

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)

Rate of energy required for function at rest, typically within 5-10% of true BMR.

Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER)

The ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed, used to estimate substrate utilization.

Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max)

The maximal capacity for oxygen to be transported and utilized during exercise.

Anaerobic Glycolysis

A metabolic process that generates energy without the need for oxygen, producing ATP from glucose.

Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

Energy used for digestion, transport, and breakdown of food.

Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA)

Energy expenditure related to intentional physical exercise and daily movements.

Exercise Intensity

The level of effort required during physical activity, affecting the rate of energy expenditure.

Lactate Threshold

The point at which blood lactate levels rise significantly, indicating a shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism.

EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption)

The elevated rate of oxygen consumption following intense exercise.

Indirect Calorimetry

A method used to estimate energy expenditure based on gas exchange (O2 consumption and CO2 production).

Direct Calorimetry

A method of measuring energy expenditure by assessing heat production.

Substrate Utilization

The process by which the body uses different types of macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats) for energy.

Body Composition

The proportion of fat and fat-free mass in the body, influencing metabolic rate.

Fat-Free Mass (FFM)

The weight of everything in the body except fat, a determinant of metabolic rate.

Oxygen Deficit

The difference between the oxygen required and the oxygen consumed during the initial stages of exercise.

Caloric Expenditure

The number of calories burned by physiological processes, including exercise and metabolism.