connectivity and cooperation between people and cultures
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Exclusivism
ideas that are in favor of a single person or culture
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Globalization
interaction, communication, and trade between different groups
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Silk Road
connected china, india, and the middle east and was used for trading
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Unintended Consequences
the unexpected result of a decision
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Johannes Guttenberg
invented metal letters to make a bible
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Reformation
A movement for religious change
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Indulgences
selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church
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What did indulgences lead to?
reformation and questioning of the Catholic Church
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Protestantism
a form of Christianity that was in opposition to the Catholic Church
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Who created protestantism?
Martin Luther
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Inquisition
a church court set up to try people accused of heresy
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Heresy
against orthodox opinion
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Summis
written authorization for witch hunting
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Heinrich Kramer
wrote Malleus Maleficarum (witch hammer)
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Who was named defender of the faith?
Henry VIII
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Church of England
Henry VIII founded the church to divorce his wife
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Council of Trent
meetings that discussed the reformation
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Defenstration of Prague
throwing of Catholic officials from a castle window in Bohemia and started the Thirty Years' War
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Thirty Years War
conflict between European powers
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Peace of Westphalia
the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648
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Tuareg
nomads from the Sahara, also called the Berbers
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Kingdom of Mali
controlled by west Africa and dominated trade in Africa
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Mansa Musa
emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa and is the richest person to ever live
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University of Sankore
located in Timbuktu and houses books from around the world
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Gold
made people travel to Africa and gave Mansu Musa his money
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Enlightenment
Period of time in which numerous thinkers began asking questions about life and society, primarily in the late 17th and 18th centuries.
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John Locke
English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.
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Treaty of Tordesillas
A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal.
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commodity
a raw material or agricultural product that has value
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Encomienda System
system in Spanish America that gave settlers the right to tax local Indians
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Constantinople/Istanbul
Capital of the East Roman Empire and of the Ottoman Empire.
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Abacus
an ancient counting device
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The Black Legend
Concept that Spanish conquerors tortured and murdered Indians leaving nothing of benefit
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Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world.
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1492
Columbus sailed the ocean blue
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Astralobe
instrument used to measure latitude
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The Spice Trade
The trade of spices from Asia and India to merchants who would then trade it to Europeans
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Vasco da Gama
Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.
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Copernicus/Heliocentrism
Devised a model of the universe with the Sun at the center, and not earth.
Studied by 7 people
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Flashcard (20)