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11 Terms

1
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Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar (PEA)

Selective only

— selective for G+, G- cannot grow

— phenylethyl alcohol inhibits the DNA synthesis of G-, making them unable to grow

useful for isolating, growing, and maintaining G+ organisms

<p>Selective only</p><p>— selective for G+, G- cannot grow </p><p>— phenylethyl alcohol inhibits the DNA synthesis of G-, making them unable to grow</p><p>useful for isolating, growing, and maintaining G+ organisms</p>
2
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Blood Agar

Differential only; everything will grow

Based on hemolysis

— Alpha: incomplete hemolysis (greenish)

— Beta: complete hemolysis ( clear)

— Gamma: no hemolysis (no change)

Necessary for differentiating Streps

<p>Differential only; everything will grow</p><p>Based on hemolysis </p><p>— Alpha: incomplete hemolysis (greenish)</p><p>— Beta: complete hemolysis ( clear)</p><p>— Gamma: no hemolysis (no change) </p><p>Necessary for differentiating Streps</p>
3
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Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)

Selective & Differential

Selects for G+, against G-

— selecting agent: 7.5% NaCl

— G- can grow in high salt concentrations

— differential agent: mannitol and phenol red

mannitol fermentation produces acid which changes the phenol red to a yellow color

important for differentiating Straphs

<p>Selective &amp; Differential</p><p>Selects for G+, against G- </p><p>— selecting agent: 7.5% NaCl </p><p>— G- can grow in high salt concentrations </p><p>— differential agent: mannitol and phenol red</p><p>mannitol fermentation produces acid which changes the phenol red to a yellow color </p><p>important for differentiating Straphs </p>
4
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Bile Esculin Azide Agar

Selective & Differential

Selects for certain G+, against all G-

— selecting agent: sodium azide inhibitory for G- bile inhibitory to some G+

— differential agent: esculin and ferric citrate

Turns a dark brown/black pigment

<p>Selective &amp; Differential </p><p>Selects for certain G+, against all G- </p><p>— selecting agent: sodium azide inhibitory for G- bile inhibitory to some G+ </p><p>— differential agent: esculin and ferric citrate </p><p>Turns a dark brown/black pigment </p>
5
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MacConkey Agar (MAC)

Selective = G- bacteria, bile salts & crystal violet

Differential = lactose fermentation, lactose & neutral red

Pink color change if the bacteria can ferment sugar

<p>Selective = G- bacteria, bile salts &amp; crystal violet</p><p>Differential = lactose fermentation, lactose &amp; neutral red </p><p>Pink color change if the bacteria can ferment sugar</p>
6
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Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB)

Selective = G-, Eosin Y & Methylene Blue

Differential = Rate of lactose Fermentation, lactose & dyes

Vigorous fermenter = metallic green sheen

Slow fermenter = grow pink

No fermentation = no color change

<p>Selective = G-, Eosin Y &amp; Methylene Blue </p><p>Differential = Rate of lactose Fermentation, lactose &amp; dyes</p><p>Vigorous fermenter = metallic green sheen</p><p>Slow fermenter = grow pink </p><p>No fermentation = no color change</p>
7
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Hektoen Enteric Agar (HeK)

Selective = G-, bile salts

Differential:

lactose fermentation, bromothymol blue & acid fuchsin

— orange color change

Hydrogen sulfide gas production, sodium thiosulfate & ferric citrate

— black color change

<p>Selective = G-, bile salts</p><p>Differential:</p><p>lactose fermentation, bromothymol blue &amp; acid fuchsin</p><p>— orange color change </p><p>Hydrogen sulfide gas production, sodium thiosulfate &amp; ferric citrate</p><p>— black color change </p>
8
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Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI)

Test Tube

Differential:

Sugar fermentation = lactose, sucrose, glucose, phenol red

— all yellow multiple sugar, yellow just at the bottom only glucose

H2S gas Production = sodium thiosulfate and ferric citrate

— black color change

Oxygen tolerance

— Slant is full of oxygen = strict aerobes grow

— Butt has lower oxygen = facultative anaerobes grow

<p>Test Tube </p><p>Differential:</p><p>Sugar fermentation = lactose, sucrose, glucose, phenol red</p><p>— all yellow multiple sugar, yellow just at the bottom only glucose</p><p>H2S gas Production = sodium thiosulfate and ferric citrate </p><p>— black color change </p><p>Oxygen tolerance</p><p>— Slant is full of oxygen = strict aerobes grow </p><p>— Butt has lower oxygen = facultative anaerobes grow </p>
9
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Motility Test

Determination of Presence of Flagella for motility

— motility agar = lower agar concentration

— tetrazolium salt = makes red growth

° fuzzy growth around the line of inoculation means motility

<p>Determination of Presence of Flagella for motility</p><p>— motility agar = lower agar concentration </p><p>— tetrazolium salt = makes red growth </p><p>° fuzzy growth around the line of inoculation means motility </p>
10
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Citrate Test

Tests if organisms can utilize citrate as a carbon source

— citrate as the sole carbon source

— bromothymol blue as a pH indicator

— green changes to blue

<p>Tests if organisms can utilize citrate as a carbon source</p><p>— citrate as the sole carbon source</p><p>— bromothymol blue as a pH indicator </p><p>— green changes to blue </p>
11
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Oxidase Test

looks for the presence of cytochrome oxidase: protein used as part of the ETC

Oxidase Reagent = chromogenic reducing agent

— changes color to dark purple (positive - indicating cytochrome oxidase)

<p>looks for the presence of cytochrome oxidase: protein used as part of the ETC</p><p>Oxidase Reagent = chromogenic reducing agent </p><p>— changes color to dark purple (positive - indicating cytochrome oxidase) </p>