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social constructionism
social proble,s are defined by what is considered unfavorable by the people in the time and place one is in
critical race theory (CRT)
framework and movement that deconstructs association of race and power
crime
action that violates law or agreed upon social norm
drug
a substance that altesr the function of the mind and/or body
criminal justice system
societal process used to address actions deemed criminal, involves police, courts, and harm
differential justice
unequal treatment of people in criminal justice system, necessary for control
prison industrial complex
convergence of government and private corp to profit off of imprisoning people to resolve economic, social, and political issues
what is the effect of prison industrial complex
mass incarceration
Terry v Ohio
1968: US Supreme Court said it was constitutional to stop and frisk a citizen based on reasonable suspicion (deemed unconstittutional in 2013)
when was the drug enforcement aministration created
1973
Laws enacted 1980s-1990s against war on drugs
anti drug abuse act 1986
stop and frisk
mandatory sentencing
three strikes
timeline of war on drugs
1968: Terry v Ohio
1971: Nixon state war on drug is public enemy #1
1972: incarceration decline since 1962
1973: drug enforcement admin created
1981: Reagan expand war on drug and favor punishment
Early 80s: increased media coverage
1986: Operation pipeline
1980s-1990s: Laws enacted
operation pipeline
educate police officers and how to stop and identify suspects of drug dealing on road
anti drug abuse act 1986
U.S. federal law aimed at combating drug use and trafficking through stricter enforcement measures, including mandatory minimum sentences for drug offenses, the creation of drug-free zones, increased law enforcement funding, and expanded asset forfeiture laws. It is known for its emphasis on punitive measures, particularly the sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine, and its significant role in shaping the War on Drugs.
stop and frisk
based on terry v ohio, anyone can stop and search you on basis of reasonable suspicion
mandatory sentencing
fixed sentences for crime no matter individual circumstances = limit judicial branch power
three strikes law
impose harsher penalties, including life sentences, for repeat offenders after a certain number of convictions
characteristics of education in the US
education as a conserving force
mass education
preoccupation with order and control
fragmented education system
local control of education
sitting and sorting function of schools
education as a conserving force
schools indoctrinate students through patriotism (pledge of allegiance) and maintaining US heritage and heroes (geore washington and founding fathers)
support status quo
example of US conserving US societal norms through education
carlisle indian industrial school in 1900 forced indians to learn american customs and english language
mass education
faith in education for public good
compulsory education: increase numbers with higher education
pre-occupation with order and control
constraints on individual freedom
time
discipline
dress code
athletics
banned books
how does US education compare to carceral sytsem?
fragmented education system
different types of school with different funding, like charter, private, public, voucher
local control of education
finance schools through local taxes
unequal rep of school boards
religious views implemented
Pros and Cons of common core
Pro: enforce higher standard
Con: limit flexibility of teacher and parental rights to shape eudcation
what does crt say about schools
schools are endemically racist
breakdown of public school funding
10% fed gov
45% state gov
45% local tax
no child left behind act
standards of education left to states to decide
vicarious citizenship
the exercise of rights and claims–making by nonresidential stakeholders who personally identify politically, economically, or socio–culturally with a local community
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