Domeyn ng Panitikan (Domain of Literature)

Flashcards reviewing key concepts from the lecture text 'Domeyn ng Panitikan', covering cultural products, history, geography, modernity, nationhood, and cultural categories such as class, gender, and capital.

What are the three main parts of the introduction to the domain of literature according to the text?

The three parts are: (1) the study of society and culture, (2) the process of identification that reveals membership in collective formations, and (3) cultural categories in identification such as race and ethnicity, class, gender, and sexuality.

How is literature defined as a cultural product through production and reception?

Literature as a cultural product undergoes a process of production (its creation within society) and reception (its acceptance, reading, and analysis by society).

Which literary works and authors are cited as examples of cultural products evaluated across different historical periods?

Noli Me Tangere and "Huling Paalam" by Jose Rizal, and Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas.

What are the three primary forces that shape humans, literature, and society?

History (kasaysayan), geography (heograpiya), and modernity (modernidad).

What are the three overlapping historical periods that shape the present and future of the Philippines?

The indigenous period (panahon ng katutubo), the colonial period (panahon ng kolonyalismo), and the independence period (panahon ng independensiya).

How did colonial rule influence language and knowledge during the Spanish, American, and Japanese regimes in the Philippines?

Spanish colonialism privileged Western and colonizer knowledge; American colonialism promoted English through the public education system; Japanese colonialism emphasized Tagalog under a pan-Asian concept.

What term refers to the continued political, economic, and cultural dominance over a nation after it has formally attained independence?

Neocolonialism.

What three conflicting societal perspectives intersect at the Shrine of the Virgin of EDSA at Ortigas and EDSA?

The Catholic Church (which commissioned the statue and chapel), commercial business/oligarchy (which donated the land and developed adjacent malls/offices), and the government (which celebrates the anniversary of the overthrow of the Marcos dictatorship).

Who designed the civic power center of Manila during the American colonial period, and what other major cities did he plan?

Daniel Burnham, who also planned San Francisco, Chicago, and Honolulu.

Which structures in Manila were intended to fulfill Daniel Burnham's plan for a Roman classical civic center?

The classical buildings stretching from Agrifina Circle to the City Hall and the Post Office.

What Western historical movement promoted secularism and rationalism, serving as the philosophical basis for colonization and concepts like "benevolent assimilation"?

The Enlightenment.

What was Philippines 2000, and what initiative was paired with it to target national poverty?

Philippines 2000 was a medium-term development plan focused on economic liberalization, paired with the Social Reform Agenda to address poverty as an obstacle to national modernization.

Which foundational myth was utilized by the Marcos dictatorship to frame Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos as the "parents of the nation"?

The myth of "Malakas at Maganda," portraying them as the origin of the Filipino race coming from a split bamboo stalk.

How does the emerging view of nationhood differ from the traditional social science perspective?

The traditional view bases nationhood on shared religion, language, or politics, whereas the emerging view treats the nation as a product of collective imagination realized through individual and group practice.

What are the three forces of production that grant economic class privilege, and which one holds the lowest value?

Land (lupain), capital (kapital), and labor power (lakas-paggawa). Labor power holds the lowest value due to its large supply.

What daily linguistic examples are cited in the text to illustrate subversion against dominant colonial English?

"Come again?", "God knows Hudas not pay", and carabao English.

How does the text distinguish sexuality from gender?

Sexuality is biological and reproductive, whereas gender is cultural and social.

What term defines the social system that privileges manhood and heterosexuality while reinforcing feudal hierarchies?

Heteronormativity.

What are the core focuses of Feminism and Gay/Lesbian discourse as presented in the text?

Feminism promotes social equality between women and men, while Gay and Lesbian discourse advances non-heterosexual agendas in gender discussions.

How does Queer Discourse interpret gender and sexuality?

Queer Discourse views gender and sexuality as non-permanent, fluid categories that change across time and space, challenging rigid binaries of male and female roles.

Why does sexuality possess a unique level of individual agency compared to race or gender?

Unlike categories into which an individual is born, sexuality involves an active personal choice and self-declaration (e.g., declaring oneself as femme lesbian, closet gay, Malate gay, bisexual, or asexual).

What is Religious Fundamentalism according to the text?

An extreme devotion to religious belief that engages in political and extra-political activities (such as endorsing candidates, forbidding strikes, or bombing) to spread its teachings.

What is Emotional Capital, and what organization is provided as an example of its use?

Emotional Capital is the power of being morally justified, creating sympathy and driving action for a cause; an example given is the Crusade Against Violence.

What is Cultural Capital, and how is it primarily acquired according to the text?

Cultural Capital is social power and elevated status acquired primarily through education, such as attending institutional universities like UP, Ateneo, or De La Salle.