Aqueous Chemistry

Aqueous Chemistry

the study of any body of water

Composition of Rocks

Formed by many compounds. These compounds are formed through ionic bonds.
Ex: Sodium, iron, Silicon, Sulfur, Carbonate, Oxygen, Chlorine, Potassium, Calcium, etc.

Bond length

bonds between atoms vary in lengths due to the atoms that create the bonds and are long enough so that their electron orbitals do not collide andd repel another.

Water can dissolve rocks because..

of it’s chemical composition. Water is a universal solvent due to it having 3 types of intermolecular forces and the ions of oxygen being the 2nd most electronegative while hydrogen being the least electronegative. It has positive (hydrogen) and negative (oxygen) charges.

Calcium

a dominant ion found in rivers

Rain..

dissolves rocks and these dissolved ions can be known as run-off since it goes into the river and then into the ocean. The ocean is salty due to this process occuring over billions of years.

Blood has a similar composition to salt water.

A water molecule…

stays in the ocean on average for about 1000 years.

Salt..

turns into sediment through things like hydrothermal vents.

Residence Time

T = Total Volume of Seawater/Annual Flux from Rivers

Annual Flux

Annual Flux from Rivers = Flow x Concentration of Ion