Bac Phys ch 5 - exam 1

the basal body of a flagella has ____ rings in gram negatives called

3- C ,M, S

which two rings are joined

MS

other rings are

P and L

P ring is hte ____ protein and L ring is the ____ protein

FlgI and FlgH

central rod is made up of what proteins that lead to what outside of hte cell

FlgB, FliC, FlgF leading to hook

gram positive bacteria do not have what rings

P and L rings

two parts of motor

stator and rotator

stator has what two proteins and they’r eanchored to what

motA and motB anchored to PG

motA and mot B conduct ____ across the plasma membrane to generate ____

protons, rotational torque

the rotor is what rings

MS and C

protein in motor that interacts with mot and transmits torque to MS ring to turn the basal body

FliG

FliG proteins are part of what ring

C

the motor can spontaneously change directions. this is done by the ____ ring

C

three complex switch proteins

FliG, FliM, FliN

what regulator protein binds to FliM for regulating switching

CheY

the MS ring is the _______, the P ring is the ____ and the L ring is the _____

plasma membrane, PG, outer membrane

the hook is made of

FlgE and hook proteins

a ___ filament is in the hook and its comprised of

helical, flagellin

assembling the flagellum starts with proteins closests to

the cell membrane

flagellin monomers are exported for ___ assembly

filament

flagellin subunits travel up to the ____ and are capped with

distal tip, HAP2

proteins and flagellar go up an

export apparatus

flagella with complex filaments only rotate

clockwise

spirochete flagella are in and there are ___

periplasm, 2+

lophotricus

bunch on one side

amphitrichous

both sides

peritrichous

all around

three roles of flagella

tactic response, swimming to favored things, virulence

in chemotaxis, bactera move along a

concentraiton gradient

what rotation are flagella in a single bundle

counterclockwise

what rotation do flagella break apart

cloclwise

higher concentration of chemoattractants ________ frequency of tumble, but high concentrations of chemorepellents _______ it

decrease, increase

receptors on the outer membrane attach to ____________, and these signals activate ____ proteins

MCPs, Che

CheA is bound to a receptor, and when it’s activated, it

autophosphorylates

phosphorylated CheA transfers a phosphate to

CheY

CheY binds ____ on C-ring/switch mechanism

FliM

when CheY interacts with FliM, it causes

CW tumble

methylated MCPs by _____ cause a ____ rotation

CheR, CW

what demethylates MCPs

CheB

attractants inhibit ______ autophosphorylation

CheA

attractants cause a ____ rotation

CCW

sustained high attractant causes ______ which resets the receptor sensitivity so cells avoid saturation

MCP methylation

CheY mutants swim _____ in uniform media but cannot ____ in chemical gradients

normally, switch or bias

in a capillary tube assay, chemotaxis mutatnts

stay outside of tube that has attractant

for spirochete motility, filaments wrap around cylinder _____ outer membrane, which ____ the cell body to propel

inside, deforms

swarming is powered by _____, ______ cells secreting a _____ to reduce _______

hyperflagellated, elongated, surfactant, surface tension

pili can attach to what in blood

rbc

which pili attach mannose glycosides and mediate RBC hemagluttin

type 1

which pili mediate surface motility or twitching

type 4

pili can attach to ___ cells

host

vibrio TCP are____. virbrio without it_ ___

pili essential for mucosal colonization, can’t cause disease

pilus deletion impairs host attachment but not

growth rate or host viability

gram __ have no pili

+

s+x pilus is only in gram __

neg

when binding the F- cell, ____ occurs to bring cells together

depolymerization

subunits in flagella are exported single file. rate slows as ______ increases

length

flgK mutant lacks

hook-filament gap junction and secretes more flagellin into medium because there’s no assembled filament to slow transport

flagella shortened by shearing regrow

faster

CCCp dissipates ____ which makes elongation ____

proton motor force, slow

data supports what model of assembly

injection-diffusion

assembled filement = what rate of flagellin transport

slow