Preliminary Legal Studies - Doli Incapax

Doli incapax

Refers to the legal principle that children under the age of 10 are considered incapable of committing a criminal or civil offense due to their lack of developmental awareness of the consequences of their actions.

Guilty knowledge test

The assessment used to determine if a child understood that their actions were seriously wrong rather than just 'naughty', requiring strong and clear evidence beyond any doubt.

Equality before the law

The concept that all individuals should be treated equally under the law, regardless of age, status, or other factors, ensuring that no one is above the law.

Vulnerable groups

Individuals such as children, the elderly, and the mentally ill are considered more vulnerable and are protected by the law to ensure that their responsibility aligns with their capacity.

Duty of care

Certain professionals like doctors, teachers, lawyers, and police have higher obligations due to their positions of power, and the law aims to protect those who depend on them.