Chemistry Unit 3 Test Flashcards

What happens in the left part of the spectrum?

1. Shorter wavelength

2. Higher frequency

3. Higher energy

What happens towards the right of the spectrum?

1. Longer wavelength

2. Lower frequency

3. Lower energy

What do the symbols mean in the equation of wavelength and frequency?

C=ƴv

C= Speed of light

ƴ= Wavelength

V= Frequency

What electromagentic radiation has high/medium/low frequency?

High= Gamma

Medium= Visible

Low= Radio

How can atoms emit light?

Atoms emit light when an electron jumps from a higher energy level to lower.

The color depends on distance change which determines frequency.

What is an atomic emission spectra?

The pattern of lines that form when light passes through a prism to separate it into its component wavelengths.

Why are the atomic emission spectrums of every element different?

Because all elements have a unique number and arrangement of electrons.

What is the pattern with valence electrons for the main 8 groups of elements?

Main group number = number of valence electrons (except Helium)

What are valence electrons?

The number of electrons located in an element’s outermost shell.

Atomic radius:

The size of a neutral atom

Ionic radius:

The size of an ion

Electronegativity:

The ability of an atom to attract electrons

Ionization Energy:

The energy required to remove an electron

Melting and Boiling Point:

The temperature at which an element changes state

Why does atomic radius decrease as you move to the right of a period?

Across a period more protons are located in the nucleus as you move from left to right, which pulls electrons in closer towards it

Another name for full outer shell of an element’s atom?

Full valence shell

Most reactive metal group in the P.T

Alkali Metals

Most reactive nonmetal group in the P.T

Halogens

Properties of Transitional Metals:

1. Called the d-block (center of P.T)

2. Can have 1-4 valence electrons

3. Not part of the main group

Where does reactivity increase with metals on the Periodic Table?

Periods: ←

Groups: ↓

Where does reactivity increase with nonmetals on the Periodic Table?

Periods: →

Groups: ↑

Elements in the same group:

Have similiar physical and chemical properties

The periodic table is designed to:

Group elements with similar properties together

Periodic Law:

When elements are arranged in increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties

Metals and properties:

1. Form allays; mixed with other metals

2. Malleable

3. Good conductors of heat and electricity

4. Ductile

5. Lustrous

Nonmetals and properties:

1. Not malleable or ductile

2. Poor conductors of heat and electricity

3. Solid, liquid, or gas at room temp

4. Brittle