Earth Sci
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20 Terms
Universe
The totality of all time, space, matter, and energy, composed of millions of stars and planets.
Theory
A conclusion derived from scientific methods that is subject to debate and revision.
Law
A principle that is universally accepted and agreed upon.
Cosmology
The branch of astronomy that studies the structure and evolution of the universe.
Big Bang Theory
The theory that the universe began 13.8 billion years ago from a compressed state.
Edwin Hubble
An astronomer who discovered that the universe is expanding through the observation of galactic spectra.
Hubble's Law
The principle that galaxies are moving away from Earth, with more distant galaxies showing greater red shift.
Cosmic Background Radiation
Low levels of energy detected throughout the universe, believed to have formed shortly after the Big Bang.
Steady-State Theory
A theory proposing that the universe is always expanding but maintains a constant average density.
Multiverse Theory
The idea that our universe may be one of many, each with different physical laws and properties.
Galaxy
A large group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity, serving as the building blocks of the universe.
Milky Way Galaxy
A large barred spiral galaxy containing about 100 billion stars, with a diameter of approximately 100,000 light years.
Solar System
A collection of celestial bodies, including the Sun and planets, formed about 4.5 billion years ago.
Geocentric Model
An ancient model of the universe where Earth is at the center, supported by philosophers like Aristotle and Ptolemy.
Heliocentric Model
A model proposing that the Sun is at the center of the universe, first suggested by Aristarchus and later supported by Copernicus.
Terrestrial Planets
Solid and rocky planets, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
Jovian Planets
Gaseous planets, also known as gas giants and ice giants, including Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Earth's Atmosphere
Composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen, it is essential for sustaining life and protecting from harmful solar radiation.
Habitable Planet
A planet that has the right conditions for life, including temperature, atmosphere, energy, and nutrients.
Earth
The only known planet to host life, characterized by liquid water, a protective atmosphere, and suitable climate conditions.