CSET: Multiple Subject III

Subjects: Influences on Development, Social and Physical Development, Visual Arts, Health

Sex

the physical state of being male or female

Physical Development

development of the body and coordinated movement

Sexual Abuse

abuse with signs such as direct statements that the child has been sexually abused, age-inappropriate sexual knowledge, pregnancy, sexually transmitted infection, trouble sitting/walking, or risk of sexually abusing others; negative effects can include increased risk of suicide, alcohol/drug use, teenage pregnancy, or developing an eating disorder

Cultural / Individual Stereotypes

general assumptions made about individuals or groups, sometimes based on information that is not correct or incomplete

Emotional Development

processing and understanding feelings

Emotional Abuse

abuse with signs such as delayed/inappropriate emotional development, loss of self-confidence and/or self-esteem, depression, headaches or stomachaches, or loss of interest in school; negative effects can be homelessness, increased risk of suicide, alcohol/drug use, and physical health problems

Social Development

Interactions with people or the environment

Culturally Responsive Teaching

teaching that recognizes students' cultural references

Gender / Sexuality

he outward ways in which a student chooses to express his/her gender via dress, behavior, or other factors

Neglect

abuse with signs such as poor growth, weight gain, poor hygiene, lack of supplies to meet basic needs, and stealing money or food; negative effects can include homelessness, increased risk of suicide, alcohol/drug use, and physical health problems

Cognitive Development

development of the ability to reason, think through problems, and explore new situations and stimuli; develops in 4 stages from birth to roughly 15 years old, according to Jean Piaget's theory of child development

Physical Abuse

abuse with signs such as unexplained injuries (bruises, broken bones, burns) and often the injuries do not correspond with the explanations; negative effects of physical abuse can be learning and developmental problems, mental health problems, increased risk of eating disorders, or an increased risk of drug/alcohol use

Environment

the physical surroundings and emotional climate in which a child develops

Temperament

the genetic factors that determine how individuals approach and learn about the world

Onlooker Play

watching others play without engaging; 2-2.5 years

Associate Play

playing with peers in a loosely-organized manner; 3-4 years

Parallel Play

playing a similar activity alongside a peer without interaction; 2.5-3 years

Unoccupied Play

body movement without a clear goal and observation of environmental stimuli; birth-3 months

Cooperative Play

playing with peers by creating rules or guidelines for the activity together; age 4 and up

Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment

occurs when children feel anxiety when their parents or caregivers are gone; Even when they return, the children are not comforted or reassured by their presence

Personality

the patterns of behaviors and attitudes that make an individual distinctive from others

Anxious-Avoidant Attachment

occurs when children tend to avoid their parents and show no innate preference for either their parents or strangers

Secure Attachment

occurs when children feel they can rely on their parents or caregivers; they miss their parents when away and greet their return with enthusiasm and happiness

Character

the learned emotional, cognitive, and behavior patterns that influence thoughts, emotions, and behaviors

Prosocial Behavior

behavior that helps others or contributes to society

Ex: Volunteering, donating, helping

Solitary Play

playing independently or alone; 0-2 years

Hue

The name of a color

Principles of Art

How the various elements are composed in an artwork; may be used independently or in conjunction with other principles.

Ex: emphasis, contrast, pattern, rhythm, balance, proportion, or unity

Elements of Art: Form

3-dimensional shapes, having height, width and depth.

Principles of Art: Balance / Symmetry

Equalizing elements in a work of art to create visual equilibrium. Balance causes the viewer to feel that the elements have been arranged just right. Visual imbalance creates a feeling of uneasiness.

Principles of Art: Contrast

Differences in values, colors, textures and other elements to achieve emphasis and unity.

Elements of Art: Shape

Shape is a 2-dimensional area defined by a boundary.

Elements of Art: Line

A moving point on the surface of a canvas (or other media); it has width as well as length.

Opposite Color / Complementary Colors

Are positioned as opposites on the color wheel

Ex: red & green

Principles of Art: Emphasis

Stressing one element or area in a work of art to make it attract the viewer's attention first.

Elements of Art: Space

Space is the area between or around shapes and forms.

Elements of Art: Color

Derived from reflected light. The sensation of color is aroused in the brain by the response of the eyes to different wavelengths of light.

Oral Storytelling

the process of passing down a group's history through stories

Principles of Art: Pattern

The visual repetition of elements such as line, shape, and color, and can be 2D decoration.

Principles of Art: Unity

The arrangement of elements and principles within media to create a feeling of completeness or wholeness. Unity helps us to see the parts of a work of art as a whole.

Secondary Colors

orange, green, purple; occur when two primary colors are mixed.

Analogous Colors

Neighbors on the color wheel that have a common hue

Tertiary Colors

Occur when a primary color is mixed with a neighboring secondary color on the color wheel

Ex: blue + green = blue-green

Element of Art

basic component or essential part of a work of art. Artist may use one or several elements at one time in a work of art.

Ex: line, shape, form, space, texture, value, or color

Elements of Art: Texture

Texture is the way things feel or appear to feel.

Principles of Art: Proportion

The relative size and scale of elements in a design. The relationship of one part to another and to the whole.

Primary Colors

basic colors that cannot be created by mixing others

Ex: red, blue, and yellow are primary colors

Principles of Art: Rhythm

Repeating an element to make a work seem active or suggest movement or vibration.

Elements of Art: Value

The amount of lightness or darkness a color possesses. White and Black are neutral colors. Adding one of them to a color will change the value.

Growth Spurt

The body grows rapidly both in height and weight

Gross Motor Skills

related to large muscles, like moving the legs and arms

Ex: Walking

Self-Respect

believing in one’s own sense of worth. Leads to confidence

Type I Diabetes

type of diabetes in which there is a lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas.

Respect For Cultural Values and Heritage

understanding the importance that culture and history play in forming communities

The FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type) Program

Provides a simple, straightforward method of helping students reach fitness goals FITT - Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type

Fine Motor Skills

related to smaller groups, such as those that control the hand and wrist

Ex: writing

Diabetes Mellitus

a group of disorders in which the body cannot produce or absorb insulin properly. Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) is the most common symptom of diabetes.

Type II Diabetes

type of diabetes in which there is insulin secretion by the pancreas, but the body cells are desensitized to it.

Generalized Absence Seizures (Petit Mal) Seizures

seizure in which child “goes blank” for a short period, generally five to twenty seconds

Communicating Problems

process of letting others know when something is wrong

Sickle Cell Anemia

a hereditary disease that primarily affects African Americans and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry

Complex Partial (Psychomotor or Temporal Lobe) Seizures

seizure that features complex behavior patterns (constant chewing/lip smacking, repetitive hand and arm movements, aimless walking, confusion, and dizziness).

Empathy

the ability to understand and respond to the feelings of others

Asthma

a disease characterized by difficulty in breathing due to spastic contractions of the airways

General Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal) Seizures

seizure in which child becomes stiff and slumps to the floor; rigid muscles begin twitching and jerking, breathing becomes erratic or stops, and saliva may escape from the lips

Allergies

hypersensitivity to certain substances that provoke a heightened immune system response.

Cooperation

Working with others to accomplish a common goal

Epilepsy

a central nervous system disorder that causes sudden seizures that may or may not be convulsive

Gestational Diabetes

type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after childbirth

Sympathy

involves feeling sorry for someone

Motor Development

the development of one's bones and muscles and the ability to use them to move