Digestive_system_I_F2020

What are the two main reasons we eat food?

To obtain energy and get raw material for building tissues.

What does the digestive system convert chemical energy into?

Energy that feeds cells and tissues to perform their functions.

How do unhealthy fast foods compare to healthy meals?

Fast foods are high in calories and low in nutrients, while healthy meals provide essential nutrients.

What are the six steps of the digestive system?

Ingestion, Propulsion, Mechanical Breakdown, Chemical Digestion, Absorption, Excretion.

What are enzymes?

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions, particularly in digestion.

What macromolecules are broken down during digestion?

Lipids, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

What is the purpose of breaking down macromolecules into monomers?

To create smaller molecules that the body can use to build its own polymers.

What is the role of the digestive tract?

It serves as a muscular tube from the mouth to the anus, processing food and acting as a barrier against microorganisms.

What type of epithelium lines the digestive tract?

Stratified squamous epithelium in areas requiring abrasion resistance, and simple columnar epithelium for secretion and absorption.

What are accessory organs in the digestive system?

Teeth, Tongue, Salivary glands, Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder.

What is peristalsis?

Involuntary contraction of smooth muscles to move food through the digestive tract.

What substances are produced during chemical digestion?

Amino acids, Fatty acids, Glucose, Nucleotides.

What features enhance absorption in the small intestine?

Extended length, Mucosal folds, Villi, Microvilli.

What happens during excretion in the digestive process?

Indigestible substances like fibers are eliminated from the body.