BIO2101 - Exam1

Dorsal

toward the back

Ventral

Toward the belly

Posterior

toward the back

Anterior

toward the front

Superior

toward the head

Inferior

away from the head

Medial

Toward the midline of the body

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body

Proximal

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Distal

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Cranial

toward the head

Caudal

toward the tail

Superficial

On top of/enveloping

Deep

Further inside/beneath

Profundus

"Deep"

External

located on or near the outside of the body or an organ, or that is away from the center of a cavity or organ

Internal

located on or near the inside of the body or an organ, or that is toward the center of a cavity or organ

median plane

divides the body into left and right halves, same as Sagittal/Midsagittal planes

midsagittal plane

divides the body into EQUAL left and right halves, same as Median/Sagittal planes

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right, same as Midsagittal/Median plane

parasagittal plane

divides the body into UNEQUAL left and right halves, same as Median/Sagittal planes

coronal plane

divides body into front and back halves

transverse plane

line that divides the body into upper and lower halves

The saggital plane would slide along which axis in blender?

X Axis

The transverse plane would slide along which axis in blender?

Z axis

The coronal plane would slide along which axis in blender?

Y axis

ventral cavity (location)

anterior aspect of the trunk

thoracic cavity (location)

superior to the diaphragm

abdominal cavity (location)

Superior to pelvic cavity and inferior to thoracic cavity

pelvic cavity (location)

enclosed by pelvic bones

dorsal cavity (location)

located along the back of the body and head

spinal cavity (location)

Within the dorsal body cavity

cranial cavity (location)

within the skull

ventral cavity (contents, list at least 5)

The ventral cavity contains the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, spleen, kidneys, small and large intestines, ureters, and reproductive organs.

thoracic cavity (contents, 5 total)

lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland

abdominal cavity (contents, at least 5)

stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands

pelvic cavity (contents, 5 total)

the urinary bladder, rectum, uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

dorsal cavity (contents)

cranial cavity and vertebral cavity (brain and spine)

spinal cavity (contents)

spinal cord and medulla oblongata

cranial cavity (contents)

brain

Describe the phases of the cell cycle.

G0, resting; G1, presynthesis preparation; S, DNA synthesis; G2, RNA production; and M, mitosis

parfocal

Property of microscope which allows objectives to be changed without having to refocus

Which plane is A?

Sagittal Plane

Which plane is B?

Coronal Plane

Which plane is C?

Transverse Plane

Field of View

The area visible through the microscope eyepiece

The eyes are __ to the mouth.

superior and lateral

The urinary bladder is __ to the heart.

inferior

The sternum is __ to the spine.

anterior

The kidneys are __ to the intestines.

posterior

The nose is __ to the ears.

medial

The thumbs are __ to the pinky fingers in anatomical position.

lateral

The elbow is __ to the wrist.

proximal

The fingers are __ to the shoulder.

distal

The skin is __ to the skeletal muscles.

superficial

The heart is __ to the rib cage.

deep

The chin is __ to the forehead.

inferior

The spine is __ to the breastbone.

posterior

The lungs are __ to the skin.

deep

The ankle is __ to the knee.

distal

The shoulder is __ to the hand.

proximal

The big toe is __ to the little toe.

medial

The ears are __ to the nose.

lateral

The forehead is __ to the chin.

superior

The navel is __ to the spine.

anterior

The muscles are __ to the bones.

superficial

Tarsal

ankle region

Otic

pertaining to the ear

Antecubital

front (anterior) of elbow

Sternal

breastbone area

Cervical

neck region

Femoral

thigh area

Inguinal

groin area

Popliteal

back (posterior) of knee

Mental

pertaining to the chin

Cephalic

pertaining to the head

Hallux

Pertaining to the big toe

Pedal

pertaining to the foot

Which system is this?

Integumentary System

Which system is this?

Skeletal System

Which system is this?

Muscular System

Which system is this?

Nervous System

Which system is this?

Endocrine System

Which system is this?

Cardiovascular System

Which system is this?

Lymphatic System

Which system is this?

Respiratory System

Which system is this?

Digestive System

Which system is this?

Urinary System

Which system is this?

Reproductive System

Which organs are found in the Respiratory System?

nose, mouth, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and thoracic diaphragm

Which organs are found in the Digestive System?

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus

Which organs are found in the Circulatory System?

blood, heart, arteries, veins and capillaries

Which organs are found in the Urinary System?

kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra

Which organs are found in the Integumentary System?

skin, hair, fat and nails

Which organs are found in the Skeletal System?

bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons

Which organs are found in the Muscular System?

skeletal muscles, smooth muscles and cardiac muscle

Which organs are found in the Endocrine System?

hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands, ovaries and testicles

Which organs are found in the Lymphatic System?

lymph, lymph nodes, lymph vessels, tonsils, spleen and thymus

Which organs are found in the Nervous System?

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs and the following sensory systems (nervous subsystems): visual system, olfactory system, taste (gustatory system) and hearing (auditory system)

Which organs are found in the Reproductive System?

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, penis, testicles, vasa deferentia, seminal vesicles and prostate