Anatomy Unit 5: Senses

The eyelid: _____________ is like a covering around the eye and under the eyelid. It also keeps the eyes moist.

conjuctiva

Pink eye is also known as

conjunctivitis

Lacrimal glands produce _______________, which drains into the nasal cavity via the ____________.

tears; Lacrimal duct

Cornea

transparent, focuses light rays (exposes the iris and pupil)

Sclera

tough layer that protects the eye; white part of the eye (goes towards the back of the eyes, continuation of the cornea.)

Optic nerve

exits at the optic disk & transmits visual information from the eye to the brain

chloroid coat

contains blood vessels

ciliary body

holds lens in place

lens

focuses light rays onto the retina

Iris

Opens & closes to allow the pupil to move (Colored part of the eye)

aqueous humor

Supplies nutrients to the lens (liquid surrounding the lens)

pupil

regulates the amount of light entering the eye

Retina

visual receptor cells (contains rods and cones)

fovea centralis

region of sharpest vision

optic disk

where nerve fibers leave the eye, creating the blind spot

vitreous humor

gel filling, that maintains eye shape (supports internal parts, fluid)

the retina is made up of _____________ - which are sensors for light.

photo receptors

rods=

monochromatic (black and white)

cones=

color vision

Clouding of the lens leads to a clinical condition known as

Cataracts

The region where the optic nerve and blood vessels goes in and out of the eye has no photoreceptors =

blind spot

floaters

when a capillary breaks and cells break off

hyperopia (far-sighted)

eyes are too short

Myopia (nearsightedness)

eyes are too long

astigmatism

is when the cornea has an irregular shape

What does the conjunctiva do?

keeps the eyes moist

outer ear

Auricle (pinna)

auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)

transmit vibrations and amplify the signal

auditory tube

helps maintain air pressure (connects to the middle ear to the throat)

cochlea

sense of hearing

ear drum

The tympanic membrane, vibrates in response to sound

external auditory meatus

sound waves enter

What are the hammer, anvil and stirrup?

Tiny bones that vibrate in the middle of the ear.

What prevents foreign object from reaching the middle ear?

tympanic membrane

tympanic membrane

eardrum, thin membrane that vibrates

What happens when you change elevation and your ears are "plugged"?

They pop

How can you lose hearing?

By losing cochlea hairs

What does the eyelid do?

Protects and keeps eye moist by washing the eye (like a windshield wiper)