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limbic system
Controls emotions, thinking, learning, and drives. Contains the hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and the pituitary gland.
motor cortex
Voluntary movement, in the frontal lobe.
parietal lobe
Touch sensitivity + controls association areas which organize information.
somatosensory cortex
Touch sensitivity.
aphasia
Impairment of language caused by damage in the left hemisphere.
association areas
Areas of cerebral cortex not involved with movement or senses, makes up largest portion of cortex involved in learning, memory, thinking, and speaking.
Broca's area
Area of the left hemisphere in the motor cortex involved in movements needed for speech.
Wernicke's area
Area of left hemisphere in the temporal cortex involved in language comprehension.
plasticity
The brain's ability to change, reorganize, or grow neural networks.
cerebral cortex
The ultimate control and info processing center, contains the lobes.
corpus callosum
Allows 2 sides of the brain to communicate.
pituitary gland
Controlled by hypothalamus, regulates growth and releases hormones.
hippocampus
Memories are formed here.
brainstem
Connects spinal cord and brain, responsible for automatic survival functions, oldest part of the brain.
medulla
Control heart rate and breathing, at the bottom of the brainstem.
reticular activating system
Network of neurons in the brainstem that regulates arousal, sleep and wakefulness.
cerebellum
The 'little brain' responsible for balance and movement.
left vs. right hemisphere function
Left: language, Right: perception of spatial relationships.
thalamus
Directs information throughout the brain.
NREM 1 Sleep characteristics
Light sleep, theta waves, jerks, and feeling of falling.
NREM 2 Sleep characteristics
Fully asleep, theta waves, sleep spindles.
NREM 3 Sleep characteristics
Deep sleep, delta waves, night terrors and somnambulism.
Alpha Waves
Active during relaxation.
Beta Waves
Active during normal wakefulness.
Theta Waves
Active during light sleep in NREM 1 and 2.
Sleep Spindles
Rapid bursts of neural activity in NREM 2.
Delta Waves
Active during deep sleep in NREM 3.
REM Sleep
Paradoxical sleep, where the brain is active but body is paralyzed.
REM Rebound
When people enter directly into REM sleep after being deprived of it.
Night Terrors
Overactive sympathetic nervous activity (screaming and flailing).
Somnambulism
When people walk or do weird activities while asleep.
Insomnia
Unable to fall asleep.
Narcolepsy
Uncontrollable 'sleep attacks.'
Sleep Apnea
When breathing stops during sleep.
Note 
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