Psych of Aging

Final

dispositional traits

aspects of personality that are consistent across different contexts

personal concerns

things that are important to people, their goals, concerns in life

life narrative

gives individual a sense of self

6 facets of neuroticism

worry

anxiety, hostility, self-consciousness, depression, impulsiveness, vulnerability

6 areas of openness to experience

willing to entertain new ideas

fantasy, aesthetics, action, ideas, values, occupational choice

extraversion

going outside, sociable

interpersonal traits

warmth, gregariousness, assertivenesste

temperamental traits

activity, excitement seeking, positive emotionsa

agreeableness

gets along well with others

conscientiousness

attend to detail, don’t procrastinate

hardworking, ambitious, energetic, scrupulous, perservering, desirous to make something of themselves

corresponsive principle

people experience events that reflect their personality traits, further affecting their personalities and reinforcing those traitsT

TESSERA model

long-term personality development is the product of situational processesE

generativity vs stagnation

nurture things that will contribute to the world vs unproductive/failure

adulthood

ego integrity vs despair

sense of fulfillment vs failure

old age

epigenetic principle

each struggle must be resolved to continue development

attachment theory

early bonds between infant & caregiver sets stage for personality development

insecure attachment outcome

high loneliness & isolation

anxious attachment outcome

high stress

socioemotional selectivity theory

motivation changes across lifespan

expansive motivation

future-oriented

limited motivation

present-oriented

positivity effect

older adults tend to focus on positive info and recall positive events more than younger adults

mcadams life-story model

narrative people create to make sense of their lives

generativity

create a story “ending” that will generate new beginnings for future generations

agency

power, achievement, autonomy

communion

love, intimacy, belonging

cohabitiation

living with a partner before/instead of getting married

cohabitation effect

greater likelihood of divorce among couple who live together before marriage

living apart together

relationship without living together

divorce hangover

inability to let go

woman initiates divorce

reports self-focused growth and optimism

man initiates divorce

woman is ruminate and vulnerable

anxious attachment

more intense/prolonged grief (widowhood)

avoidant attachment

appear resilient, emotion suppression (widowhood)

secure attachment

resilience, greater long-term well-being (widowhood)

filial obligation

caring for ones parents when necessary

filial anxiety

fear of having to care for aging parent

spouse/partner caregiver

divison of labor

lower marital satisfaction

caregivers at risk of depression, grief, isolation, poor health

sandwich generation

caregiving role can infringe on child’s other responsibilities

socioemotional selectivity

prioritize emotionally close friendships

quality > quantity

loneliness

4x mortality rate among those w/ heart failure

30% increase for stroke and coronary artery disease

increased risk for anxiety, depression, suicide, substance use, sleep problems

vocation

persons choice of occupation that reflects personal interest and sense of purpose

RIASEC

choose occupation to optimize person-occupation fit

super’s life span life stage theory

people attempt to realize their inner potential through their career

job satisfaction

low to moderate increase w/ age

older workers report higher job satisfaction than younger workers (build coping skills over time)

backup care

emergency care for dependent children or adults so employee does not lose day of work

crisp retirement

clean break from employment

blurred retirement

repeatedly leaving and returning to work

Later-adulthood trauma reengagement

occurs when unresolved earlier life trauma resurfaces in later adulthood

depression

unrecognized in older adults

high comorbidity

less likely to report

sadness, worthlessness, suicidal ideation due to depression

more likely to report

somatic symptoms, cognitive difficulties, insomnia

triggers of LATR

retirement, illness, loss, reflection life

PTSD

persistent hyperarousal, avoidance, intrusive symptoms

unlike ptsd

does not require flashbacks

is more reflective rather than fear based

guilt, sadness, rumination, withdrawal

undue influence

misuse of one’s role and power to exploit the trust of anotherb

beneficence

aim of doing good for others

autonomy

aim of allowing individuals to direct their own lives

death ethos

shared beliefs and practices surrounding death and dying

secular perspectives

death is explained scientifically

greater fear of death

spiritual/religious perspectives

death is part of a divine plan

belief in afterlife

active euthanasia

deliberately ending life through an action

passive euthanasia

withholding or withdrawing treatment

medical aid in dying

strict eligibility criteria

prescribed lethal medication

death with dignity

control, comfort, quality of life

kubler-ross stages of grief

how people people cope with impending death

kubler-ross stages of grief

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

not linear, may overlap

advance directive

outlines a persons wish for medical care if they become unable to communicate

power of attourney

DNR

living will

Patient Self-Determination Act

bereavement

having experienced a loss due to death

grief

emotional and psychological response to loss

mourning

external, socially and culturally expressed behaviors related to grief

dual process model of grief

loss oriented coping: focusing on the deceased, yearning, sadness

restoration oriented coping: adjusting to life changes, new roles, daily functioning

anticipatory grief

grief experienced before an expected death

normal (adaptive) grief

gradual adjustment and recovery (gried)

resilient grief

minimal disruption, quick return to functioning (grief)

complicated/prolonged grief

persistent, intense symptoms that impair functioning

traumatic grief

grief combined with traumatic symptoms

disenfranchised grief

grief not socially recognized or supported

CEMSA

communnication systems support successful aging