Psychopathology Approaches Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the development and understanding of psychological disorders.

Etiology

The study of origins or causes of a disorder.

Equifinality

The concept that a behavior or disorder may have several different causes.

Multifinality

The principle that a particular history may lead to various different outcomes.

Diathesis-Stress Model

A model suggesting that psychological disorders result from the interaction between a biological or psychological vulnerability and environmental stress.

Developmental Psychopathology

The study of psychological disorders from a life course perspective highlighting typical and atypical developmental trajectories.

Temperament

A child's reactivity and characteristic self-regulation that serves as the foundation for personality development.

Attachment Theory

A theory proposed by John Bowlby asserting that infants form attachments to sensitive and responsive caregivers, which shapes future relationships.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus, resulting in a conditioned response.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior.

Learned Helplessness

A condition resulting from the perception that one has no control over situations, often leading to depression.

Attributional Style

The characteristic way individuals explain the causes of events, which affects their emotional responses.

Sociocultural Model

A framework that examines how family dynamics, peer relationships, and societal factors influence psychological disorders.

Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory

A theory that describes the various systems and contexts that influence individual development, including family, peers, and societal factors.